Eingestellte DIW Publikationen 2 / 1970, S. 143-153
Manfred Melzer
Der Entscheidungsspielraum, der dem volkseigenen Betrieb in der DDR heute - und wohl auch künftig - zukommen soll, läßt sich nur aus jenem neuen und gewandelten wirtschaftspolitischen System ableiten, dessen Aufbau mit umfangreichen Reformen 1963 begonnen wurde und das inzwischen mehr und mehr Gestalt gewonnen hat. Deshalb wird auch eine Erörterung wesentlicher Aspekte des "Systems der ökonomischen Hebel" - wie ein Teil des wirtschaftspolitischen Instrumentariums der DDR offiziell bezeichnet wird - Bestandteil dieser Untersuchung sein müssen.
The investigation defines the present decision-making latitude of the state-owned enterprise as envisioned by the New Economic System of the GOR. This "Economic System of Socialism" tries to make economic planning more flexible and more adaptable - especially at the lower levels - by introducing a self-regulating process for individual firms, within limits set by given plan indicators. This should afford the enterprises to act more on the basis of "profitability" considerations than previously. ln addition to discussing preconditions for the functioning of such a system as well as the limits of plan indicators, the study also analyses the applied measures of economic policy which have significance with regard to profits or profit utilization and thus for the financial maneuverability of the enterprise. Having laid this groundwork, it is then possible to examine in detail where the enterprise can exercise decision functions of its own and where these end. The authority of the enterprise is limited as it can hardly deviate from the usually externally prescribed plan course and that it has little voice in plan derivation. Also critically examined is the problem of limited adaptability of the firms in dealing with unforeseen disturbances, as sufficient reserves are not taken into account in planning. This clearly reduces the ability of the GDR economy to function adequately.
Themen: Unternehmen