Eine zentrale Strategie, um der Zunahme von Antibiotikaresistenzen entgegenzutreten, ist die Verbesserung der ärztlichen Verschreibungspraxis. Damit sollen Fehlverschreibungen von Antibiotika als eine Hauptursache von Antibiotikaresistenzen vermieden werden. Die zunehmende Verfügbarkeit medizinischer Daten und Methoden des maschinellen Lernens bieten die Chance, schnellere Diagnosen bereitzustellen. ...
Angesichts einer wachsenden Vielfalt an teuren Behandlungsmöglichkeiten und Medikamenten stellt die ökonomische Nachhaltigkeit eine besondere Herausforderung für Gesundheitssysteme mit universellem Versicherungsschutz dar. Ein bewährtes Mittel zur Kostendämpfung sind Zuzahlungen der Patienten für Arzneimittel. Über die optimale Ausgestaltung einer Zuzahlungsregulierung fehlt jedoch empirische Evidenz. ...
Improving physicians’ prescription practices is a primary strategy for countering the rise in resistance to antibiotics. This would prevent physicians from incorrectly prescribing antibiotics, one of the main causes of antibiotic resistance. The increasing availability of medical data and methods of machine learning provide an opportunity to generate instant diagnoses. In the present study, the example ...
Data is often at the core of digital products and services, especially when related to online advertising. This has made data protection and privacy a major policy concern. When surfing the web, consumers leave digital traces that can be used to build user profiles and infer preferences. We quantify the extent to which Facebook can track web behavior outside of their own platform. The network of engagement ...
Human antibiotic consumption is considered the main driver of antibiotic resistance. Reducing human antibiotic consumption without compromising health care quality poses one of the most important global health policy challenges. A crucial condition for designing effective policies is to identify who drives antibiotic treatment decisions, physicians or patient demand. We measure the causal effect of ...
Large-scale data show promise to provide efficiency gains through individualized risk predictions in many business and policy settings. Yet, assessments of the degree of data-enabled efficiency improvements remain scarce. We quantify the value of the availability of a variety of data combinations for tackling the policy problem of curbing antibiotic resistance, where the reduction of inefficient antibiotic ...