We investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-employed people’s mental health. Using representative longitudinal survey data from Germany, we reveal differential effects by gender: whereas self-employed women experienced a substantial deterioration in their mental health, self-employed men displayed no significant changes up to early 2021. Financial losses are important in explaining these ...
Refugees in Germany perceive discrimination due to their country of origin in various life dimensions, which can negatively affect their integration into society. Using IAB-BAMF-SOEP survey data, this report analyzes to what extent refugees perceive discrimination on the labor market, at educational institutions, on the housing market, with public authorities, and in daily life. The results show that ...
According to a recent paper by Gelfand et al., COVID-19 infection and case mortality rates are closely connected to the strength of social norms: “Tighter” cultures that abide by strict social norms are more successful in combating the pandemic than “looser” cultures that are more permissive. However, countries with similar levels of cultural tightness exhibit big differences in mortality rates. We ...
We quantify the value of data for the prediction policy problem of reducing antibiotic prescribing to curb antibiotic resistance. Using varying combinations of administrative data, we evaluate machine learning predictions for diagnosing bacterial urinary tract infections and the outcomes of prescription rules based on these predictions. Simple patient demographics improve prediction quality substantially ...
Luftverschmutzung verursacht hohe ökonomische Kosten durch gesundheitliche Belastungen der AnwohnerInnen, vor allem in städtischen Gebieten. Fahrbeschränkungen in Umweltzonen sollen zur Verbesserung der Luftqualität beitragen. Empirische Analysen in diesem Wochenbericht bestätigen, dass Umweltzonen verkehrsbedingte Luftverschmutzung verringern. Zusätzlich ergeben die Untersuchungen unbeabsichtigte ...
Auch wenn die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung in Deutschland weiter lahmt, legen im Jahr 2021 die Steuereinnahmen trotz der mit Mindereinnahmen verbundenen wirtschaftspolitischen Maßnahmen deutlich zu und überschreiten ihr Vorkrisenniveau. Während der Finanzkrise 2008 bis 2011 war dies anders: Die wirtschaftliche Erholung war der Steuerentwicklung vorgelagert. Erst im Jahr 2011 wurde das Vorkrisenniveau ...