Sollen junge Menschen ein soziales Pflichtjahr leisten? Der Bundespräsident stößt eine wichtige Debatte über Solidarität an – aber es gibt bessere Lösungen. Dieser Text erschien am 17. Juni 2022 bei Zeit Online in der Reihe Fratzschers Verteilungsfragen. Bundespräsident Frank-Walter Steinmeier hat mit seinem Vorschlag eines verpflichtenden sozialen Jahres eine ...
Wie unterscheiden sich Menschen in ihren sozialen Beziehungen? Mit Hilfe von Smartphones geht dieser Frage ein Team von WissenschaftlerInnen des SOEP am DIW Berlin, der Universität Heidelberg und der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München nach. Dabei setzen die PsychologInnen Smartphones einerseits als „mobile Fragebögen“ ein. Andererseits untersuchen sie die alltägliche ...
SOEP-Studie beschreibt erstmals auf Basis von belastbaren Daten die Persönlichkeit von MillionärInnen – Vor allem Selfmade-MillionärInnen unterscheiden sich in ihrer Persönlichkeit von der Allgemeinbevölkerung – Je stärker die „Millionärspersönlichkeit“ ausgeprägt ist, desto größer ist das Vermögen MillionärInnen ...
Declining response rates have made traditional, probability-based sampling methods more resource-intensive and thus more expensive. Studies of population subgroups are particularly vulnerable to this trend, as smaller group sizes as well as other factors often make these groups "hard-to-reach" or "hard-to-survey". In response, researchers have increasingly relied on network...
Risk preference impacts how people make key life decisions related to health, wealth, and wellbeing. Yet the evolutionary roots of human risk taking behavior remain poorly understood. I will present two studies on risk preferences in chimpanzees, one of our closest living relatives.In the first study, we investigated whether chimpanzees (N=13) differentiate between social...
Objective: Leaders differ in their personalities from non- leaders. However, when do these differences emerge? Are leaders “born to be leaders” or does their personality change in preparation for a leadership role and due to increasing leadership experience? Method: Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study, we examined personality differences between leaders (N = 2683 leaders, women: n ...
Very wealthy people influence political and societal processes by wielding their economic power through foundations, lobbying groups, media campaigns, as investors and employers. Because personality shapes goals, attitudes, and behaviour, it is important to understand the personality traits that characterize the rich. We used representative survey data to construct two large samples, one from the general ...
Loneliness levels were assessed in a longitudinal, nationwide sample (N total = 6,010) collected over the course of the first 3 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. When in-person social contact restrictions were put in place, loneliness increased significantly compared to prepandemic levels but began to decrease again even before contact restrictions were eased. The loneliness costs were distributed ...
As the policy debate on entrepreneurship increasingly centers on firm growth in terms of job creation, it is important to understand whether the personality of entrepreneurs drives the first hiring in their firms. Using the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), we analyze to what extent personality traits influence the probability of becoming an employer. The results indicate that personality matters. ...
Agency and communion are the two fundamental content dimensions in psychology. The two dimensions figure prominently in many psychological realms (personality, social, self, motivational, cross-cultural, etc.). In contemporary research, however, personality is most commonly measured within the Big Five framework. We developed novel agency and communion scales based on the items from the most popular ...