Low and uncertain carbon prices are often stated as a major obstacle for industrial sector investments in technologies to deliver deep emissions reductions. Project-based carbon contracts underwritten by national governments could addressregulatory risk, lower financing costs and strengthen incentives for emission reductions at investment and operation stage. In this paper design options for project-based ...
This paper analyzes the dynamic relationship between CO2 emissions, energy consumption, GDP, and trade-openness from 1971 to 2013, based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for 70 WTO countries. Using recently developed secondgeneration panel data methods, the empirical results support the EKC hypothesis for the high-, middle-, and lower-income panels used. Concerning the energy consumption ...
Residential heating is responsible for one-fifth of Germany’s energy consumption. Heating costs were around 562 euros per year for an average apartment in 2016, which is more than a 13th month’s rent minus heating costs (Kaltmiete). These are the findings of the 2016 Heat Monitor, published by the German Institute for Economic Research and ista Deutschland GmbH. The report presents evaluations based ...
Gut ein Fünftel des Energieverbrauchs in Deutschland entfällt auf den Raumwärmebedarf der privaten Haushalte. Die Kosten hierfür beliefen sich in einer durchschnittlichen Mietwohnung im Jahr 2016 auf etwa 562 Euro jährlich, was mehr als einer 13. Monatskaltmiete entspricht. Dies zeigen die Auswertungen des Wärmemonitors 2016, der vom DIW Berlin gemeinsam mit dem Energiedienstleister ista Deutschland ...
In Deutschland wird seit 1978 durch staatliche Energieeffizienzmindeststandards versucht, den Heizenergieverbrauch in Wohngebäuden zu reduzieren. So sollen Kosten verringert, die Abhängigkeit von Energieimporten reduziert und, im Rahmen der nationalen Klimaschutzbemühungen, die CO2-Emissionen gesenkt werden. Diese im Lauf der Jahre mehrfach verschärfte Regulierung erweist sich als wirksam: Sie vermeidet ...
In energy systems with large shares of variable renewable energies, electricity generation is lower during unfavorable weather conditions. System-friendly wind turbines (SFTs) rectify this by producing a larger share of their electricity at low wind speeds. This paper analyzes to what extent SFTs' benefits out-weigh their additional costs and how to incentivize investments into them. Using a wind power ...
