Gemäß dem Urteil des Europäischen Gerichtshofs (EuGH) vom 19. Oktober 2016 ist das deutsche Arzneimittelpreisrecht nicht auf Versandapotheken mit Sitz in einem anderen Mitgliedstaat der Europäischen Union anwendbar. Infolgedessen können diese bei der Abgabe von verschreibungspflichtigen Arzneimitteln an Patientinnen und Patienten Boni und Rabatte gewähren. Vor...
We employ a psychometrically validated performance test to study economic competence among representative sample of 1,687 early secondary school students in Southwest Germany. The rich dataset allows us to study variation in economic competence across school types and observable student characteristics. Our results show that economic competence is significantly lower among female students, migrants, ...
Der technische Fortschritt in den Informationstechnologien eröffnet beispiellose wirtschaftliche Möglichkeiten. Durch eine drastische Reduzierung der Kosten dieser Technologien ist es heute so einfach wie noch nie, Informationen und Wissen zu akquirieren, zu kommunizieren und Produkte und Dienstleistungen zu handeln. Die damit einhergehende Umwälzung der Wirtschaft wirft zahlreiche ökonomische Fragestellungen ...
Ob selbstfahrende Autos oder Schufa-Score: Algorithmen sind nicht so geheimnisvoll und Scores bei Weitem nicht so exakt, wie fast alle glauben. Die Methode zu ihrer Überprüfung ist von der Idee her uralt, der Gesetzgeber muss systematische Tests nur durchsetzen.From self-driving cars to personal credit scores: algorithms are not as mysterious and scoring systems not nearly as precise as people generally ...
About two billion people in the world do not own a financial account and there are many more who use financial services only occasionally. In the past, initiatives which address these problems of financial exclusion focused on the supply side of financial markets, in particular by increasing the branch network of banks and by offering cheap bank products. While this had the desired effect, recent ...
This study examines the effect of a soft commitment device in the form of a savings goal calendar on savings for small business owners in Kampala, Uganda. We run a randomized controlled trial (RCT) under which the treatment group receives a calendar designed to set savings goals and to make a plan to reach this goal. The control group is given a plain calendar. We find no average effect on savings, ...
We study the role of financial literacy for inter-temporal decision-making using an adapted version of the Convex Time Budget Protocol (Andreoni and Sprenger 2012). While we find no evidence of dynamically inconsistent preferences in the aggregate, we document substantial heterogeneity in choice-patterns and estimated parameters at the individual-level: We find that subjects with higher levels of financial ...
Effective attention to information may play a prominent role in consumer choice for energy-intensive services and it may simply be a function of receiving timely information when consumption takes place. This paper investigates whether and why the timing of utility bills leads to salience bias in heat energy consumption. In Germany, the 12-month billing period varies across buildings with a significant ...
While in January 2012, Denmark increased the long-standing tax on sugary soft drinks, the tax was cut byhalf in July 2013 and then completely repealed in January 2014. In this study, we examine whetherincreases and cuts of the soft drink tax lead to similar over- or under-shifting to prices and to similardemand responses. We use longitudinal scanner data of 1,282 Danish households to estimate within-product ...
This paper studies the effects of labor market outcomes on firms’ loan demand and on credit intermediation. In a first step, I investigate how wages in the production sector affect bank net worth and the process of financial intermediation in partial equilibrium. Second, the role of the identified channels are studied in general equilibrium using a new- Keynesian DSGE-model with financial frictions and ...
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