The past ten years have seen an expansion in industrial research. There has been a significant increase in the number of research-based companies, as well as in employment in research and development, and in expenditure in this area. Growth has been observed predominantly in companies in less research-intensive sectors and in small and medium-sized enterprises. Consequently, over the last decade, industrial ...
Entrepreneurial self-employment in Germany has undergone a strong upturn in the last 20 years. The number of self-employed people rose by 40 percent between 1991 and 2009. The reasons for this development are the catch-up processes in eastern Germany, structural change towards the service sector, and a strong willingness among the highly skilled, the unmarried and among foreigners to enter self-employment. ...
Die unternehmerische Selbständigkeit hat in Deutschland in den letzten 20 Jahren einen starken Aufschwung erfahren. Die Zahl der Selbständigen ist zwischen 1991 und 2009 um 40 Prozent gestiegen. Verantwortlich für diese Entwicklung sind die Nachholprozesse in Ostdeutschland, der Strukturwandel in Richtung Dienstleistungssektor, sowie eine ausgeprägte Bereitschaft unter den Hochqualifizierten, den Unverheirateten ...
Based on representative data, the German Micro-Census, we provide an overview of the development of self-employment and entrepreneurship in Germany between 1991 and 2010, the first two decades after reunification. We investigate the socioeconomic background of these individuals, their education, previous employment status, and their income level. We observe a unique increase in self-employment in Germany ...
In this paper, we provide a comprehensive multivariate cointegration analysis of three parts of the steam coal value chain - export, transport and import prices. The analysis is based on a rich dataset of international coal prices; in particular, we combine data on steam coal prices with freight rates, covering the period December 2001 until August 2009 at weekly frequency. We then test whether the ...
Der Gründungszuschuss ist eines der erfolgreichsten Instrumente der Bundesagentur für Arbeit. Er unterstützt auf effektive Weise Gründer aus Arbeitslosigkeit auf ihrem Weg in die Selbständigkeit. Weil zu viel Mitnahme und zu wenige nachhaltige Gründungen befürchtet werden, soll nun zur Effizienzerhöhung der Rechtsanspruch auf diesen Zuschuss in eine Ermessensleistung umgewandelt, das Budget um 74 Prozent ...