The rise of digitisation will cause a major upheaval in the manufacturing industries, bringing changes to traditional industrial location patterns as well. In order to understand the direction these structural changes are taking, this paper analyses the start-up activity in the industrial sector. The frontrunners are metropolitan regions and in particular major cities such as Berlin or Munich. Furthermore, ...
Das umfangreiche Sammeln persönlicher Daten im Internet hat in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten einen großen Markt für personalisierte Inhalte ermöglicht. Tausende kleine und große Unternehmen arbeiten an der Sammlung und Zusammenführung von Daten über das Nutzer*innenverhalten auf Websites, um über Eigenschaften und -Interessen von Nutzer*innen zu lernen. Ganz an der Spitze befinden sich digitale Unternehmen ...
We examine how competition affects VAT pass-through in isolated oligopolistic markets as defined by the Greek islands. Using daily gasoline prices and a difference-in-differences methodology, we investigate how changes in VAT rates are passed through to consumers in islands with different market structure. We show that pass-through increases with competition, going from 50% in monopoly to around 80% ...
Im Oktober 2023 tritt das Europäische CO2-Grenzausgleichssystem (Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, CBAM) in Kraft. Der neue Mechanismus ist Teil einer Reform des Europäischen Emissionshandels (EHS). Derzeit müssen energieintensive Industrien nur einen Teil der EHS-Emissionszertifikate am Markt kaufen, damit sie im globalen Wettbewerb bestehen können. Der Rest wird frei zugeteilt. Der CBAM soll diese ...
In October 2023, the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), a part of the reform of the European Emissions Trading System (EU ETS), will come into effect. Currently, energy-intensive industries do not need to purchase all of the necessary EU ETS allowances on the market to remain globally competitive, as the remaining allowances are freely allocated to them. The CBAM plans to gradually replace ...
The sharp rise in electricity prices has led to a discussion on possible subsidies for companies in the form of an industrial power tariff. The subsidies should help companies remain internationally competitive and prevent them from relocating overseas. Although German electricity prices for (industrial) firms are around the European average due to many tax exemptions, they are significantly higher ...