Locked in a Fossil-Centric System Paradigm: LNG Expansion Impedes Socio-Ecological Transition Toward a Just and Renewable Energy Future

Abstract

The expansion of liquefied natural gas (LNG) infrastructure in Europe significantly impedes the necessary socio-ecological transformation (SET) required to shift toward a decentralized, 100% renewable energy system (RES). By reinforcing a fossil-centric system paradigm, LNG infrastructure deepens Europe’s dependence on fossil fuels, thereby delaying climate goals and increasing greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, “H2-ready” claims and carbon capture and transport technologies (carbon capture, transportation, and storage [CCTS]) serve primarily to prolong fossil pathways rather than support a genuine transition. These developments exacerbate environmental damages and raise critical justice concerns, unfairly burdening future generations and communities affected by resource extraction. The analysis emphasizes that expanding LNG capacity is unnecessary for energy security and poses risks of stranded assets and infrastructure lock-ins incompatible with climate goal objectives. To foster a just transition aligning with sustainable development goals, the study calls for halting further LNG infrastructure expansion and redirecting investments toward 100% RESs.