At the FIFA World Cup 2006, the method of using the market value of the teams ("transfer value") was first proposed as a simple and transparent basis for forecasting the outcome of a major football tournament. Indeed, the countries with players of the highest market value were world champions in 2006 and 2010 (Italy and Spain, respectively), just as the most expensive team won the European Championships in 2008 and 2012 (Spain). The winner of the upcoming World Cup in Brazil can be forecast in the same way, but it is considerably more difficult to predict the result this time around. This is because the top teams are much more evenly matched - in terms of the market value of the whole squad - than in the previous tournaments when the Spanish team was clearly the most expensive one. Consequently, other factors come into play, such as level of fitness, daily form, and chance, as they did in 2006 when the top teams were also very evenly matched.