Municipal infrastructure firms are facing major challenges. On the one hand, they are operating under an increased pressure to reduce costs due to growing intensive competition and shifting regulatory processes. On the other hand, they have to fulfill new environmental requirements that result from new energy and climate policy objectives and demographic changes. Recent privatizations have not...
The project examines the transmission channels between public investment and private investment activity in Germany, estimating the aggregate relationship with econometric models, focusing on the specific effects of individual investment categories (e.g., R & D investment) and areas of responsibility (e.g., Defense, Education, Environment). In view of possible barriers to investment, another...
In January 2019, the European Commission (“Commission”) launched the evaluation of its State aid rules that were adopted as part of the State aid Modernisation. The evaluation aims to verify if the rules delivered the desired results to European citizens and businesses at a minimum cost and if they are still fit for purpose. Within this process, the Commission entrusted a consortium of...