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Externe Working Papers
Financing entrepreneurship spurs innovation and economic growth. Digital financial platforms that crowdfund equity for entrepreneurs have emerged globally, yet they remain poorly understood. We model equity crowdfunding in terms of the relationship between the number of investors and the amount of money raised per pitch. We examine heterogeneity in the average amount raised per pitch that is associated ...
Potsdam:
CEPA,
2024,
27 S.
(CEPA Discussion Papers ; 72)
| Saul Estrin, Susanna Khavul, Alexander S. Kritikos, Jonas Löher
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Externe Working Papers
We examine how the gender of business-owners is related to the wages paid to female relative to male employees working in their firms. Using Finnish register data and employing firm fixed effects, we find that the gender pay gap is – starting from a gender pay gap of 11 to 12 percent – two to three percentage-points lower for hourly wages in female-owned firms than in male-owned firms. Results are ...
Helsinki:
Labore,
2024,
38 S.
(Labore Työpapereita / Working Papers ; 343)
| Alexander S. Kritikos, Mika Maliranta, Veera Nippala, Satu Nurmi
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Externe Working Papers
High growth firms (HGFs) are important for job creation and considered to be precursors of economic growth. We investigate how product- and labor-market regulations, as well as the quality of regional governments that implement these regulations, affect HGF development across European regions. Using data from Eurostat, OECD, WEF, and Gothenburg University, we show that both regulatory stringency and ...
Bonn:
IZA,
2023,
33 S.
(Discussion Paper Series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 16563)
| Sara Amoroso, Benedikt Herrmann, Alexander S. Kritikos
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Externe Working Papers
Self-efficacy reflects the self-belief that one can persistently perform difficult and novel tasks while coping with adversity. As such beliefs reflect how individuals behave, think, and act, they are key for successful entrepreneurial activities. While existing literature mainly analyzes the influence of the task-related construct of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, we take a different perspective and ...
Bonn:
IZA,
2023,
41 S.
(Discussion Paper Series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 15848)
| Marco Caliendo, Alexander S. Kritikos, Daniel Rodriguez, Claudia Stier
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Externe Working Papers
High growth firms (HGFs) are important for job creation and considered to be precursors of economic growth. We investigate how product- and labor-market regulations, as well as the quality of regional governments that implement these regulations, affect HGF development across European regions. Using data from Eurostat, OECD, WEF, and Gothenburg University, we show that both regulatory stringency and ...
Potsdam:
CEPA,
2023,
32 S.
(CEPA Discussion Paper ; 71)
| Sara Amoroso, Benedikt Herrmann, Alexander S. Kritikos
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Externe Working Papers
Self-efficacy reflects the self-belief that one can persistently perform difficult and novel tasks while coping with adversity. As such beliefs reflect how individuals behave, think, and act, they are key for successful entrepreneurial activities. While existing literature mainly analyzes the influence of the task-related construct of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, we take a different perspective and ...
Potsdam:
CEPA,
2023,
41 S.
(CEPA Discussion Papers ; 61)
| Marco Caliendo, Alexander S. Kritikos, Daniel Rodriguez, Claudia Stier
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Externe Working Papers
In response to strong revenue and income losses that a large share of the self-employed faced during the COVID-19 pandemic, the German federal government introduced a €50bn emergency aid program. Based on real-time online-survey data comprising more than 20,000 observations, we analyze the impact of this program on the subjective survival probability. In particular, we investigate how the digitalization ...
Mannheim:
ZEW,
2022,
29 S.
(Discussion Paper / Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung ; 22-045)
| Irene Bertschek, Joern Block, Alexander S. Kritikos, Caroline Stiel
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Externe Working Papers
Predicting entrepreneurial development based on individual and business-related characteristics is a key objective of entrepreneurship research. In this context, we investigate whether the motives of becoming an entrepreneur influence the subsequent entrepreneurial development. In our analysis, we examine a broad range of business outcomes including survival and income, as well as job creation, expansion ...
Bonn:
IZA,
2022,
43 S.
(Discussion Paper Series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 15793)
| Marco Caliendo, Alexander S. Kritikos, Claudia Stier
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Externe Working Papers
In response to strong revenue and income losses that a large share of the self-employed faced during the COVID-19 pandemic, the German federal government introduced a €50bn emergency aid program. Based on real-time online-survey data comprising more than 20,000 observations, we analyze the impact of this program on the subjective survival probability. In particular, we investigate how the digitalization ...
Bonn:
IZA,
2022,
29 S.
(Discussion Paper Series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 15608)
| Irene Bertschek, Joern Block, Alexander S. Kritikos, Caroline Stiel
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Externe Working Papers
We investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-employed people’s mental health. Using representative longitudinal survey data from Germany, we reveal differential effects by gender: whereas self-employed women experienced a substantial deterioration in their mental health, self-employed men displayed no significant changes up to early 2021. Financial losses are important in explaining these ...
Bonn:
IZA,
2022,
II, 65 S.
(Discussion Paper Series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 15260)
| Marco Caliendo, Daniel Graeber, Alexander S. Kritikos, Johannes Seebauer