As the institutional literature convincingly shows, socioeconomic phenomena are to a large extent shaped by the formal institutions, that is, legal acts (laws and ordinances). However, the latter are formulated in a specific language that is difficult to understand, let alone to measure. However, since the early 1990s, a whole branch of economic analysis of governmental regulations has evolved. It is ...
In dieser Studie wird ein Konzept zur besseren Abstimmung von Einkommensteuer, Sozialbeiträgen und bedürftigkeitsgeprüften Sozialleistungen entwickelt. Um Geringverdiener und Mittelschichten zu entlasten, sollen die Arbeitnehmerbeiträge zur Sozialversicherung in die Einkommensteuer integriert und die Spitzensteuersätze erhöht werden. Ferner sollen Familien mit...
In this study, we analyze a reform to better balance income taxation, social contributions and means-tested social benefits. In order to relieve low-wage earners and middle classes, the employee contributions to social security are to be integrated into the personal income tax and the top income tax rates are to be increased. In addition, families with low and middle income are to be relieved and...
Programmierung des Europäischen Simulationsmodells für Deutschland
Die vorübergehende Mehrwertsteuersenkung in der zweiten Jahreshälfte 2020 hat die Wirtschaftsleistung in Deutschland um 0,5 Prozent erhöht. Das zeigen Modellsimulationen am DIW Berlin. Der Effekt auf das Bruttoinlandsprodukt hätte sogar bei rund einem Prozent liegen können – wenn die Mehrwertsteuersenkung vollständig an die VerbraucherInnen weitergegeben worden...
“Sin taxes” are high on the political agenda in the global fight against obesity. Ac- cording to theory, they are welfare improving if consumers with low self-control are at least as price responsive as consumers with high self-control, even in the absence of ex- ternalities. In this paper, we investigate if consumers with low and high self-control react differently to sin tax variation. For identification, ...
We examine the effect of local business taxation and local public good and service (PIGS) provision on the number and spatial distribution of new firms. Testing ground is Germany and we rely on the universe of firm foundations between 1998 and 2006. Methodologically, we estimate fixed effects poisson models coupled with a control function approach. The results suggest that a 1%-decrease in the business ...
To finance resolution funds, the regulatory toolkit has been expanded in many countries by bank levies. In addition, these levies are often designed to reduce incentives for banks to rely excessively on wholesale funding resulting in high leverage ratios. At the same time, corporate income taxation biases banks’ capital structure towards debt financing in light of the deductibility of interest on debt. ...