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Globalisierung, Wettbewerb und Bildungspolitik

"Wettbewerb" und "Bildungspolitik" stehen in zweifacher Hinsicht im Zusammenhang: Erstens erfordert der internationale Wettbewerb den Erhalt und Ausbau des deutschen Humankapitalbestands. Damit dabei die Ressourcen effizient eingesetzt werden, ist es zweitens notwendig, mehr Wettbewerbselemente in das Bildungssystem einzuführen. Im Schulwesen spricht dies für eine Stärkung der Autonomie der Schulen ...

Child Poverty Dynamics in Seven Nations

Der vorliegende Beitrag vergleicht die Armutsdynamik bei Kindern mithilfe von Paneldaten aus sieben Ländern: USA, Großbritannien, Deutschland, Irland, Spanien, Ungarn und Russland. Neben der Verwendung von Standard- Definitionen zur Erfassung relativer Armut, werden die Übergänge in und aus dem untersten Einkommensquintil bei Kindern untersucht. In den sieben untersuchten Ländern zeigt sich eine signifikante ...

A Forgotten Issue: Distributional Effects of Day Care Subsidies in Germany

In westlichen Industrienationen besteht heute im allgemeinen ein Konsens darüber, dass die Betreuung in Kindertageseinrichtungen öffentlich subventioniert werden sollte. Weniger Klarheit besteht jedoch über die verteilungspolitischen Effekte der öffentlichen Förderung von Kinderbetreuung. Eine solche Unkenntnis über die Verteilungseffekte der öffentlichen Förderung von Kinderbetreuung kann jedoch dazu ...

The Distribution of Income by Sectors of the Population

I interpret the 'distribution of income by sectors of the population' to refer to the personal distribution of income, with evidence about it derived from household surveys. Section 1 outlines the links between the personal and factor income distributions, and includes a discussion of research using National Accounts data to check the quality of household survey income data. Section 2 provides a number ...

Unemployment and Productivity Growth: An Empirical Analysis within the Augmented Solow Model

Does a country's level of unemployment have an impact on the long-run growth rate? Incorporating unemployment into a generalised Solow-type growth model, yields some answers. In the traditional Solow model, unemployment has no long-run influence on the growth rate and the level of productivity. The long-run level of productivity is reduced if higher unemployment leads to less formal education or to ...

Niedrig entlohnt = niedrig qualifiziert? Chancen und Risiken eines Niedriglohnsektors in Deutschland? ; Beiträge der Konferenz in Berlin am 11.-12. Mai 2000

Life Course Risks, Mobility Regimes, and Mobility Consequences: A Comparison of Sweden, Germany and the U.S.

Intragenerational mobility has been a central concern in sociology, especially in the latter half of the 20th century. Most of this analysis has proceeded using measures of social position that are functions of an individual's occupation. This approach has been based on two primary justifications. First, occupational mobility is a key attribute of labor market structure, and the labor market, along ...

Educational Opportunities of Children in Poverty

In this paper, I use data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) to investigate whether and how a German youth' s choice of secondary school (Hauptschule, Realschule, Gymnasium) varies with the timing and duration of poverty experienced in childhood. To investigate what role the timing of poverty plays, I examine the correlation between educational choices and the poverty status of each child' ...

Income Mobility in the United States and Germany: A Comparison of Two Classes of Mobility Measures using the GSOEP, PSID, and CPS

The United States is often considered to be more free-wheeling and mobile than Germany; however, previous cross-national studies of income mobility find the oppositeis true. This paper investigates these surprising results and finds that they are confirmed when income mobility is measured by changes in the positions of individuals inthe income distribution - members of former West German households ...

A Simple, Analytically Solvable Chamberlinian Agglomeration Model