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Using a representative sample of the German adult population, this paper investigates the extent to which a survey measure of present bias predicts present-biased choice behavior in incentive-compatible experiments and real-world outcomes related to investments in financial assets and human capital. The results are threefold. First, the survey and experimental measures of present bias are significantly ...
In:
Economics Bulletin
37 (2017), 3, 2162-2172
| Pia R. Pinger
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Contradictory positions have been advanced as to whether retirement has negative, positive, or no effects on subjective well-being. The authors investigated changes in life satisfaction in 1,456 German retirees. Using latent growth mixture modeling, the authors found 3 groups of people who experienced retirement differently. In Group 1, satisfaction declined at retirement but continued on a stable ...
In:
Psychology and Aging
22 (2007), 3, 442-455
| Martin Pinquart, Ines Schindler
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This study analyzes patterns of change in leisure satisfaction in the transition to retirement in 1,456 German retirees. Using latent growth mixture modeling, three patterns are identified. The largest subgroup shows a linear increase in leisure satisfaction during the four years prior to retirement and in the first months of retirement, followed by stability thereafter. Two smaller groups show no ...
In:
Leisure Sciences
31 (2009), 4, 311-329
| Martin Pinquart, Ines Schindler
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In this paper, I estimate the causal effect that an additional year of schooling for parents has on their children's education, by exploiting a compulsory schooling reform that was implemented in all West German states between 1946 and 1969. Although previous research indicates that the reform had no effect on earnings, I find that an additional year of schooling for women strongly affects the ...
In:
Scandinavian Journal of Economics
116 (2014), 3, 878-907
| Marc Piopiunik
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Many countries use centralized exit exams as a governance devise of the school system. While abundant evidence suggests positive effects of central exams on achievement tests, previous research on university-bound students shows no effects on subsequent earnings. We suggest that labor-market effects may be more imminent for students leaving school directly for the labor market and, on rigid labor markets, ...
In:
European Journal of Political Economy
31 (2013), September 2013, 93-108
| Marc Piopiunik, Guido Schwerdt, Ludger Woessmann
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An increasing proportion of people choose to follow a vegetarian diet. To date, however, little is known about if and how individual differences in personality relate to following a vegetarian diet. In the two studies presented here, we aimed to (1) estimate the prevalence of self-defined vegetarians in two waves of a German representative sample (N = 4496 and 5,125, respectively), (2) analyze the ...
In:
Appetite
120 (2018), January 2018, 246-255
| Tamara M. Pfeiler, Boris Egloff
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The vast amount of meat consumed in the Western world is critically discussed with regard to negative health consequences, environmental impact, and ethical concerns for animals, emphasizing the need to extend knowledge regarding the correlates of meat consumption in the general population. In the present article, we conducted two studies examining the associations between meat consumption and personality ...
In:
Appetite
121 (2018), Supplement C, 294-301
| Tamara M. Pfeiler, Boris Egloff
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In survey research, a consensus has grown regarding the effectiveness of incentives encouraging survey participation across different survey modes and target populations. Most of this research has been based on surveys from the United States, whereas few studies have provided evidence that these results can be generalized to other contexts. This paper is the first to present comprehensive information ...
In:
Public Opinion Quarterly
79 (2015), 3, 740-768
| Klaus Pforr, Michael Blohm, Annelies G. Blom, Barbara Erdel, Barbara Felderer, Mathis Fräßdorf, Kristin Hajek, Susanne Helmschrott, Corinna Kleinert, Achim Koch, Ulrich Krieger, Martin Kroh, Silke Martin, Denise Saßenroth, Claudia Schmiedeberg, Eva-Maria Trüdinger, Beatrice Rammstedt
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Objectives Current study introduces the living standard concept as an alternative approach of measuring poverty and compares its explanatory power to an income-based poverty measure with regard to subjective health status of the German population. Methods Analyses are based on the German Socio-Economic Panel (2001, 2003 and 2005) and refer to binary logistic regressions of poor subjective health status ...
In:
International Journal of Public Health
56 (2011), 4, 373-384
| Timo-Kolja Pförtner, Hans-Jürgen Andreß, Christian Janssen
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Background: Research on inequalities in health has shown a strong association between the lack of standard of living (defined as material deprivation) and self-rated health (SRH). In this study, we sought to further examine this association in a trend analysis of relative and absolute inequalities in SRH as defined by material deprivation in Germany. Methods: Data were obtained from the German Socio-Economic ...
In:
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
70 (2016), 1, 82-90
| Timo-Kolja Pförtner, Frank J. Elgar