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If human beings care about their relative weight, a form of imitative obesity can emerge (in which people subconsciously keep up with the weight of the Joneses). Using Eurobarometer data on 29 countries, this paper provides cross-sectional evidence that overweight perceptions and dieting are influenced by a person's relative BMI, and longitudinal evidence from the German Socioeconomic Panel that ...
In:
Journal of the European Economic Association
7 (2009), 2-3, 528-538
| David G. Blanchflower, Andrew J. Oswald, Bert Van Landeghem
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Income comparisons have been found to be important for individual health. However, the literature has so far looked solely at upward comparisons, disregarding the effects of comparisons with worse-off individuals. In this paper, I use a broad definition of relative income to test simultaneously for the effect of "upward" and "downward" income comparisons on health. Relative deprivation ...
Berlin:
DIW Berlin,
2012,
(SOEPpapers 501)
| Cristina Blanco-Perez
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Germany’s occupational and sectoral change towards a knowledge-based economy calls for high returns on education. Nevertheless, female graduates are paid much less than their male counterparts. We find an overall unadjusted gender pay gap among German graduates of 27 %. This corresponds to an approximate wage gap of 32,5 % thereof 20,3 % account for different endowments and 12,2 % for different remunerations ...
Hamburg:
Hamburgisches WeltWirtschaftsInstitut (HWWI),
2013,
(HWWI Policy Paper 138)
| Christina Boll, Julian S. Leppin
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Germany’s occupational and sectoral change towards a knowledge‐based economy calls for high returns to education. Nevertheless, female graduates are paid much less than their male counterparts. We wonder whether overeducation affects sexes differently and whether this might answer for part of the gender pay gap. We decompose total year of schooling in years of over- (O), required (R), and undereducation ...
Berlin:
DIW Berlin,
2014,
(SOEPpapers 627)
| Christina Boll, Julian Sebastian Leppin
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Overeducation is an often overlooked facet of untapped human resources. But who is overeducated and why? Relying on SOEP data 1984-2011, we use probit models for estimating the likelihood of entering overeducation and dynamic mixed multinomial logit models with random effects addressing state dependence and unobserved heterogeneity. As further robustness checks we use three specifications of the target ...
In:
Education Economics
24 (2016), 6, 639-662
| Christina Boll, Julian S. Leppin, Klaus Schömann
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Two of the most salient trends surrounding the issue of migration and development over the last two decades are the large rise in remittances, and an increased flow of skilled migration. However, recent literature based on cross-country regressions has claimed that more educated migrants remit less, leading to concerns that further increases in skilled migration will hamper remittance growth. We revisit ...
Bonn:
Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit (IZA),
2009,
(IZA DP No. 4534)
| Albert Bollard, David McKenzie, Melanie Morten, Hillel Rapoport
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Using data for 22 economies in Eastern and Western Europe, we find evidence that having studied under communism is relatively penalized in the economies of the late 2000s. This evidence, however, is limited to males and to primary and secondary education, and holds for eight CEE economies but not for the East Germans who have studied in the former German Democratic Republic. We also find that post-secondary ...
Bonn:
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA),
2010,
(IZA DP No. 5409)
| Giorgio Brunello, Elena Crivellaro, Lorenzo Rocco
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We use the compulsory school reforms implemented in European countries after the II World War to investigate the causal effect of education on the Body Mass Index (BMI) and the incidence of overweight and obesity among European females. Our IV estimates suggest that years of schooling have a protective effect on BMI. The size of the estimated effect is not negligible but smaller than the one found ...
Berlin:
DIW Berlin,
2010,
(SOEPpapers 262)
| Giorgio Brunello, Daniele Fabbri, Margherita Fort
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We adopt a multi-country setup to show that years of schooling have a causal protective effect on the body mass index of females living in nine European countries. No such effect is found for males. The protective effect for European females is not negligible but is smaller than one recently found for the United States and stronger among overweight females. We discuss possible mechanisms justifying ...
In:
Journal of Labor Economics
31 (2013), 1, 195-223
| Giorgio Brunello, Daniele Fabbri, Margherita Fort
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Using data from 12 European countries and the variation across countries and over time in the changes of minimum school leaving age, we study the effects of the quantity of education on the distribution of earnings. We find that compulsory school reforms significantly affect educational attainment, especially among individuals belonging to the lowest quantiles of the distribution of ability. There ...
In:
Economic Journal
119 (2009), 536, 516-539
| Giorgio Brunello, Margherita Fort, Gugliermo Weber