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Wie kommt die Gesellschaft unter die Haut? Eine Mediatoranalyse gesundheitlicher Ungleichheit mit den Daten des Sozioökonomischen Panels 2011

Hintergrund: Der Zusammenhang zwischen sozioökonomischem Status und Gesundheit wird größtenteils über eine ungleiche Verteilung materieller, psychosozialer und verhaltensbezogener Faktoren erklärt. Analysiert wird die relative Bedeutung dieser Determinanten für die Beziehung zwischen Einkommen und verschiedenen Gesundheitsoutcomes. Methode: Die Analysen basierten auf den Daten des „Sozioökonomischen ...

Lebensstandard und Gesundheit: Ein längsschnittlicher Blick in die individuelle Wohlfahrtsproduktion vor dem Hintergrund gesundheitlicher Ungleichheit

Der durch Peter Townsend begründete und durch Hans-Jürgen Andreß Mitte der 1990er Jahre in Deutschland eingeführte Lebensstandardansatz erfährt zunehmend Beachtung in der gesundheitswissenschaftlichen Forschung. Als Ergebnis der individuellen Ressourcenverwendung spiegelt der Lebensstandard unter anderem die lebenslaufspezifische Wohlfahrtsproduktion einer Person wider und erlaubt damit einen längsschnittlichen ...

In-Work Poverty and Self-Rated Health in a Cohort of Working Germans: A Hybrid Approach for Decomposing Within-Person and Between-Persons Estimates of In-Work Poverty Status

In this study, we investigated whether self-rated health (SRH) can be predicted by in-work poverty and how between-persons and within-person differences in the poverty status of people who are working contribute to this relationship. We used a logistic random-effects model designed to test within-person and between-persons differences with data from a nationally representative German sample with 19 ...

Canadian Child Benefits: Behavioural Consequences, Income Adequacy and Alternatives

Canadian Policies for Families with Very Young Children in International Perspective

This chapter compares Canadian policies for families with children under the age of three with policies available in eight other affluent countries (Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Sweden, the UK, and the US), three from each of Esping-Andersen’s ‘three worlds’ of welfare capitalism. Within Canada, the province of Quebec has recently introduced its own system of maternity and parental benefits; ...

Social/Institutional Variables and Behavior within Households: An Empirical Test Using the Luxembourg Income Study

Measuring Income Inequality and Poverty at the Regional Level in OECD Countries

The extent to which income inequality and poverty vary within countries across different regions is very relevant for policy decisions and monitoring. However, sub-national measures are scarce, given the complexity of producing indicators at the regional level from the available data and the methodological issues related to cross-countries comparability. This paper presents a set of indicators of income ...

Maintaining (Locus of) Control? Assessing the impact of locus of control on education decisions and wages

This paper demonstrates that locus of control, i.e. whether individuals believe that reinforcement in life comes from their own actions instead of being determined by luck or destiny, is an important predictor of the decision to obtain higher education. Furthermore, the authors find that premarket locus of control, defined as locus of control measured at the time of schooling – before the individual ...

Maintaining (Locus of) Control? Data Combination for the Identification and Inference of Factor Structure Models

Factor structure models are widely used in economics to extract latent variables, such as personality traits, and to measure their impact on outcomes of interest. The identification and inference of these models, however, highly depend on the availability of rich longitudinal data. To overcome the common problem of data scarcity, this paper proposes to combine datasets that each identify some part ...

The Pros and Cons of Sick Pay Schemes: A Method to Test for Contagious Presenteeism and Shirking Behavior

This paper proposes a test for the existence and the degree of contagious presenteeism and negative externalities in sickness insurance schemes. First, we theoretically decompose moral hazard into shirking and contagious presenteeism behavior. Then we derive testable conditions for reduced shirking, increased presenteeism, and the level of overall moral hazard when benefits are cut. We implement the ...