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Zentrale Abschlussprüfungen, Signalwirkung von Abiturnoten und Arbeitsmarkterfolg in Deutschland

Zahlreiche Studien belegen einen positiven Zusammenhang zwischen zentralen Abschlussprüfungen und Schülerleistungen, aber über längerfristige Effekte zentraler Abschlussprüfungen auf den späteren Arbeitsmarkterfolg ist wenig bekannt. Diese Studie nutzt die Variation in Abschlussprüfungen nach Bundesland und Sekundarschulabschluss, um langfristige Effekte von zentralen Abschlussprüfungen auf das Arbeitseinkommen ...

Zukunftsangst! Fear of (and hope for) the future and its impact on life satisfaction

The thoughts that an individual has about the future contribute substantially to their life satisfaction in a positive or negative direction. This is a result found via five different methods, some of which control for personality and disposition and the potential endogeneity of thoughts and life satisfaction. The reduction in life satisfaction experienced by individuals who report being pessimistic ...

Optimism, Pessimism and Life Satisfaction: An Empirical Investigation

This empirical investigation into life satisfaction, using nationally representative German panel data, finds a substantial association with an individual’s thoughts about the future, whether they are optimistic or pessimistic about it. Furthermore, including individuals’ optimism and pessimism about the future substantially increases the explanatory power of standard life satisfaction models. The ...

She's Leaving Home: A Large Sample Investigation of the Empty Nest Syndrome

This study considers life satisfaction in relation to the empty nest syndrome, which is a situation where there are feelings of loss or loneliness for mothers and/or fathers following the departure of the last child from the parental home. In particular, the investigation considers the significance of Identity Economics when applied to parents experiencing a reduction in well-being following an extended ...

Sleep Duration and Life Satisfaction

Sleep is an important part of life. Despite this importance, little is known about life satisfaction and sleep duration. Using German panel data, it is shown that sleep is an important factor for life satisfaction and, furthermore, that maximal life satisfaction is associated with about 8 h of sleep on a typical weekday. This figure represents, on average, one hour more than people currently sleep ...

GEE estimation of the covariance structure of a bivariate panel data model with an application to wage dynamics and the incidence of profit-sharing in West Germany

We propose a generalized estimating equations (GEE) approach to the estimation of the mean and covariance structure of bivariate time series processes of panel data. The one-step approach allows for mixed continuous and discrete dependent variables. A Monte Carlo Study is presented to compare our particular GEE estimator with more standard GEE-estimators. In the empirical illustration, we apply our ...

Kaum Beschäftigungseffekte durch Abbau von Überstunden

Overtime Reductions - Negligible Employment Effects

One of the central bones of contention in the current 'Alliance for Jobs' negotiations is the reduction of overtime and its potential employment effects. While the unions see overtime reductions as a possible means to increase employment, employers are sceptical about the idea, because they fear constraints on their flexibility in the use of labour. Around 1.8 billion paid overtime hours ...

Overtime Work, Overtime Compensation and the Distribution of Economic Well-Being - Evidence for West Germany and Great Britain

Umfang und Kompensation von Überstunden - Eine vergleichende Analyse für Westdeutschland und Großbritannien

Die Studie analysiert die Determinanten der Inzidenz, des Umfangs und der Kompensation von Überstunden in Westdeutschland und Großbritannien in den Jahren 1991 bis 1998. Istdie Inzidenz von Überstunden in beiden Ländern noch durchaus vergleichbar, so arbeiten britische Arbeitnehmer im Mittel doppelt so viel Überstunden wie vergleichbare westdeutsche Arbeitnehmer. Hinsichtlich der Kompensation von Überstunden ...