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The development of subjective well-being across the life span: A meta-analytic review of longitudinal studies

How does subjective well-being (SWB) develop across the life span? Theories and previous empirical research suggest heterogeneous conclusions regarding this question. Therefore, in this meta-analysis, we synthesized the available longitudinal data on mean-level change in three SWB components: life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect. The analyses were based on 443 unique samples with ...

Methoden der Sozialstrukturforschung – Unterscheiden und Vergleichen

Das Treffen sinnvoller Unterscheidungen und Vergleiche ist das grundlegende Handwerkszeug der Sozialstruktur- und Ungleichheitsforschung. Wir stellen dar, wie Unterscheidungen und Vergleiche auf eine adäquate Art und Weise durchgeführt werden können. Anhand der Konstruktion von sozialen Milieus und Wohlfahrtsstaatstypen diskutieren wir vier Ziele einer guten Unterscheidung: theoretische Klarheit, Validität, ...

Much to lose, no credentials to prove it – Educational aspirations and intentions of adult refugees as means of occupational status re-attainment

We analyse how educational aspirations and intentions of adult refugees in Germany are shaped by their foreign educational credentials and their previous occupational status. Because the allocation of medium-skilled jobs on the German labour market heavily relies on a variety of credentials, unlike in the countries of origin, where skills are usually acquired on the job but not formally certified, ...

The impact of free trade agreements on Middle East and North Africa exports of intermediate and final goods

This paper is the first to analyse the impact of free trade agreements (FTAs) and the harmonisation of rules of origin (RoO) on Middle East and North African (MENA) countries’ exports differentiating between final and intermediate goods for a global sample of trade partners. Data on exports from four MENA countries (Egypt, Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia) to 61 destinations over the period 1995–2016 are ...

The impact of COVID-19 government responses on remittances in Latin American countries

Workers' remittances declined sharply as the COVID-19 pandemic spread in the first half of 2020, rebounding in the second half. This paper analyses the impact of containment and economic support measures on remittances sent to Latin America during 2019–2020 using a gravity model estimated with the Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimator (PPML). Results show that containment measures in receiving ...

Leaving legacies and liabilities: The distribution of wealth at death

This paper leverages novel administrative data on terminal wealth in Vienna to show that Gini indices of wealth inequality at death exceed unity, with 20-30% of decedents leaving behind debt. We analyze the drivers of this distribution, finding that the drivers of terminal wealth (distribution) are different from determinants of wealth (inequality) among the living. Lifecycle effects have limited explanatory ...

Ethnische Bildungsungleichheiten

Dass Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund im deutschen Bildungssystem benachteiligt sind, hat mit kulturellen Faktoren wenig zu tun. Entscheidend ist ihre soziale Stellung. Dies und vieles mehr erklären der Soziologe Jörg Dollmann und die Soziologin Cornelia Kristen in einem schriftlichen Interview.

Sprach- und Mathekompetenzen hängen in Deutschland bei Schulstart stärker von sozialer Herkunft ab als in anderen Ländern

Die PISA-Studien zeigen, dass Schulleistungen von Jugendlichen stark von ihrer sozialen Herkunft abhängen - und zwar in Deutschland stärker als in vielen anderen Ländern. Diese Studie untersucht, wie sehr Mathematik- und Sprachkompetenzen bereits am Schulanfang mit der sozialen Herkunft zusammenhängen. Dabei wird die Situation in Deutschland mit der in Frankreich, im Vereinigten Königreich, den Niederlanden ...

Frühkindliche Bildung verringert Ungleichheiten - Interview

Is the First Language a Resource, an Obstacle, or Irrelevant for Language Minority Students’ Education?

Successful integration into the education system is of major importance for the future prospects of immigrants and their children as well as for the social cohesion and viability of the receiving societies. Language is generally viewed as an important aspect of this integration. Whereas there is widespread agreement that the language of the residence country (L2) is crucial for students’ educational ...