Industrial strategies are not only about the development of new technologies. They also need to ensure conducive conditions for technology diffusion across the economy to unlock productivity potential. This panel draws on recent OECD research on conditions and policy levers that enable AI technology uptake and diffusion across firms. Building on this evidence, the panel will discuss key elements...
This paper examines the “right” geographic definition of relevant markets by analyzing how excise tax pass-through varies with local competition in the retail gasoline market of a large metropolitan city. Using a natural experiment from three unanticipated and exogenous fuel tax hikes and detailed station-level price data, we show that average pass-through is invariant to the number of nearby competitors ...
Diese Studie untersucht die Auswirkungen staatlicher Beihilfen für Banken in Schwierigkeiten im Hinblick auf fünf Aspekte: Finanzielle Stabilität, Wettbewerb, langfristige Überlebensfähigkeit der Banken, Marktdisziplin und Moral Hazard, sowie die Effizienz der Beihilferegeln. Anhand eines neuen Datensatzes, der Daten europäischer Banken für den Zeitraum von 2007 bis 2021 mit Informationen der Europäischen ...
Does increased legal infrastructure empower victims to leave abusive relationships? Structural barriers often prevent victims of intimate partner violence from seeking help, with two-thirds of female victims in Europe neither reporting incidents nor accessing support. I study Germany’s 2002 Act on Protection against Violence, which introduced residence bans in shared households and temporarily awarded ...
Abstract: Electricity markets are increasingly shaped by uncertainty in residual demand due to renewable expansion. This weakens the disciplining role of forward markets and amplifies the potential for market power in spot pricing. Understanding this mechanism is essential for informed market design in the context of growing intermittency and structural transformation of energy systems.
This work presents a multi-stage stochastic optimization model to analyze price dynamics and reliability of supply in a 100% renewable power system. The stochastic framework captures uncertainty arising from the intermittency of weather-dependent renewable energy sources and compares three market design options for a future fully renewable German electricity market: an energy-only market without...
This paper identifies a risk-hedging mechanism we coin the "dirty self-hedge" and analyzes how it affects financing costs of green industrial investments. The dirty self-hedge occurs in basic materials production when exclusively conventional, emission-intensive producers can pass on input price shocks to final product prices. They thus have a natural hedge for their profit margins against input...
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