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Heat Monitor 2024: Following the Energy Crisis, Prices for Heating Energy Sources Are Developing Very Differently

In 2024, the heating energy demand of households in Germany remained at a similar level as in 2023. Thus, the heating energy savings achieved during the energy crisis were maintained, as data from real estate service provider ista SE show. Compared to 2023, CO₂ emissions fell by three percent after adjusting for temperature. Although heating energy prices rose on average by only 6.2 percent in 2024, ...

LIVESTREAM: Industrial policy and free trade – Managing tensions, exploiting synergies

Free, fair, and diversified trade plays a crucial role in the development of new technologies and thus also in the success of industrial and innovation policy strategies. Access to critical raw materials and other inputs, such as semiconductors or steel scrap, is often a prerequisite for the development of new technologies, including in the important areas of digitalization and decarbonization. At...

SOEP-LEE2-Entrepreneurs

To address persistent data limitations in entrepreneurship research, the SOEP-LEE2 project is being implemented in cooperation with the Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) and the Helmut Schmidt University (HSU). The project aims to create a unique linked data infrastructure that connects detailed individual-level information on entrepreneurs, including their personal and household characteristics, with...

Start-up Subsidies for Entrepreneurs out of Unemployment

The OECD Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities (CFE) of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) monitors and reports on the state, development and impact of inclusive entrepreneurial activity in European Union and OECD countries, and related public policies and actions. It focuses on how public policy can create jobs through self-employment and...

Fairness of Earnings in Europe: The Consequences of Unfair Under- And Overreward for Life Satisfaction

A large percentage of workers in Europe perceive their earnings to be unfairly low. Such perceptions of unfairness can have far-reaching consequences, ranging from low satisfaction to poor health. To gain insight into the conditions that can attenuate or amplify these adverse consequences, comparative research on the role of country contexts in shaping responses to perceived unfairness is needed. Furthermore, ...

From Concurrent to Push-To-Web Mixed-Mode: Experimental Design Change in the German Social Cohesion Panel

Research shows that concurrent and sequential self-administered mixed-mode designs both have advantages and disadvantages in terms of panel survey recruitment and maintenance. Since concurrent mixed-mode designs usually achieve higher initial response rates at lower bias than sequential mixed-mode designs, the former may be ideal for panel recruitment. However, concurrent designs produced high share ...

One‐Way Versus Two‐Way Postacquisition Integration Efforts: Theory and Evidence

We develop a theory of postacquisition integration that distinguishes between one-way (acquirer-only) and two-way (mutual) effort strategies. We argue that the method of payment—cash versus shares—may serve as an ex ante commitment mechanism to a particular integration strategy, where cash deals align with unilateral effort, and share deals induce mutual engagement. Using transaction-level mergers ...

Baseload Power Plants Are Not Essential for Future Power Systems

The transition to decarbonized energy systems has fueled a controversial debate over the necessity of traditional ‘‘baseload’’ power. Skepticism remains regarding the reliability and economic feasibility of power systems relying mainly on cheap variable renewable energy (VRE) sources. Addressing this, the German Academies’ project ‘‘Energy Systems of the Future’’ (ESYS) analyzed the role of baseload ...

Manufacturing Work beyond Manufacturing Industries: Rethinking Structural Change in Germany

Child Penalties in Labour Market Skills

This paper estimates child penalties in labour-market-relevant cognitive skills, such as numeracy but also literacy and problem-solving competencies. We use international PIAAC data and adapt a pseudo-panel approach to a single cross-section covering 29 countries. Numeracy scores, which are associated with the largest returns to skills and pronounced gender differences, decline by 0.11 standard deviations ...