This study considers emerging market central bank interventions motivated by international reserve management. Emerging market central banks use currency intervention as a policy tool against exchange rate movements and accumulate international reserves as an insurance against sudden stops or reversals in capital flows. To account for both of these motivations, the model of Ito and Yabu (2007),...
We analyze the trading book of a key market maker in the European unsecured money market and study the extent to which liquidity risks accumulated by this market maker affect his pricing of liquidity and the bid/ask spread he quotes on unsecured borrowing and lending. We find that the larger the funding liquidity risk he assumed, the higher is the price he quotes for liquidity. Furthermore, his...
Using data from 16 OECD countries from 1981 to 2014 we find that the composition of fiscal adjustments is much more important than the state of the cycle in determining their e¤ects on output. Adjustments based upon spending cuts are much less costly than those based upon tax increases regardless of whether they start in a recession or not. Our results appear not to be systematically...
The global industrial structure has been in a constant state of change for some time now. While China’s share has steadily grown, Western industrialised countries have mostly experienced losses in industrial market share. Within Europe, the fates of the established industrialised nations have all played out very differently. For example, France and the UK have suffered massive losses, while Germany ...
Web surveys technically allow providing feedback to the respondents based on their previous responses. This personalized feedback may increase respondents’ motivation and possibly the accuracy of responses. While past studies mainly concentrate on the effects of providing study results on future response rates, thus far survey research lacks theoretical and empirical contributions on the effects of ...
This paper explores the long run relationship between public and private investment in the euro area. In contrast to previous studies a stock-flow approach is applied to control for the different orders of integration between the stock and flow variables. Panel econometric techniques allowing for international spillovers are employed. Private and public capital stocks are both I(2) and cointegrated. ...
Theoretical work based on social identity theory predicts that population diversity undermines redistributive public policies. This article tests this proposition exploiting an exogenous shock in diversity due to Germany’s reunification. In contrast to previous work on ethno-linguistic or racial heterogeneity, we specifically analyze religious diversity, which is an increasingly relevant social cleavage ...
In Germany and many other countries, financial advisors are required by law to assess their clients’ risk preferences in order to help them make informed and appropriate investment decisions. Most institutions that provide financial advice - banks, for instance - carry out this assessment using just one type of risk measure. Financial advisors might ask clients to answer a question about their ...
Mr. Menkhoff, in many countries the law requires financial institutions to give financial advice to people who are going to invest money. How do financial institutions normally assess the risk attitude of their customers? The most common way involves asking clients to self- assess their attitudes toward risk or their hypothetical response to a risky situation. Typically, clients will choose from a ...
