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Children's School Placement in Germany: Does Kindergarten Attendance Matter?

The positive effects of Early Childhood Programs (ECP's) on children's school success have been demonstrated in the literature. However, most studies were completed in the U.S.A., where ECP's vary widely, based on differing auspice, regulation, cost, and other factors. In European countries, ECP's are generally far more homogenous. This is particularly true for Germany where most programs are community-based ...

Kapitaldeckung für die GKV? Zur Berechnung der finanziellen Auswirkungen eines Umstiegs vom Umlage- auf das Kapitaldeckungssystem

This paper presents the financial effects of a transition from the pay-as-you-go to a capital funded health insurance system in Germany. The focus of the following article will be on the financial need in different settings which are given by the difference of the spending for health care and the insurance contributions with an upper limit of 15% of the underlying assessment basis. Calculations made ...

Die "Geiselhaft" des Relationship-Intermediärs: eine Nachlese zur Beinahe-Insolvenz des Holzmann-Konzerns

When the Philipp Holzmann corporation declared insolvency many professional observers suggested that the German constructor had fallen victim to the operation of `Germany Inc.'. This metaphor meant to blame the close ties between Deutsche Bank and Holzmann as the ultimate reason for the insolvency of Holzmann. This paper challenges the notion that the relationship between Deutsche Bank and Holzmann ...

Interactions between Care-Giving and Paid Work Hours among European Midlife Women, 1994 to 1996

This paper uses data from the European Community Household Panel surveys of 1994 and 1996 to study the association between changes in care-giving and changes in weekly work hours. Our sample comprises women aged 45-59 years who participated in the labour force in at least one of the two years studied. Controlling for country variation, we find significant relationships between starting or increasing ...

Income Risks within Retirement in Great Britain and Germany

This study examines income mobility amongst older people in Great Britain and Germany after retirement. The motivation is that older people may be subject to greater income risks in today's environment of early exits from the labour force, rising longevity and increasing reliance on private pension income. Our results provide evidence that income mobility amongst older people is more pronounced in ...

Changes in Women's Wages after Parental Leave

In 1986 German parental leave and benefit policy was expanded by extending the potential duration of leave from six to ten months and paying maternity benefits to all new mothers. The potential duration has increased four times since 1986 and stood at three years in 1992. This study uses differenced log-wage regressions to examine the effect of taking maternity leave on wage growth for two 5-year periods, ...

Tax Competition and the Choice of Tax Structure in a Majority Voting Model

This note studies the choice of tax structure in a majority voting model with tax competition. Regions may tax mobile capital or immobile labor. Individuals differ with respect to their relative endowments of labor and capital. Even though a lump sum tax is available, the equilibrium capital tax in a jurisdiction may be positive. In a symmetric equilibrium, this will be true if the median capital endowment ...

Rolf Krengel in memoriam

Bargaining, Mergers, and Technology Choice in Bilaterally Oligopolistic Industries

We analyze up- and downstream market structure and the choice of technology in a bilaterally oligopolistic industry. The distribution of industry profits between up- and downstream firms is determined by a procedure of bilateral negotiations, which is shown to generate the Shapley value. Incentives for downstream mergers depend on whether upstream firms have increasing or decreasing unit costs, while ...

The Balassa-Samuelson Effect in Central and Eastern Europe: Myth or Reality?

This paper studies the Balassa-Samuelson effect in nine Central and East European countries. Using panel cointegration techniques, we find that the productivity growth differential in the open sector leads to inflation in non-tradable goods. Because of the low share of non-tradables and the high share of food items in addition to regulated prices, the consumer price index is misleading when analyzing ...