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DIW Discussion Papers 696 / 2007
This article contributes to the literature on innovation and development by identifying the determinants of innovation, and the role of intellectual property rights, in industrialized and developing countries. Controlling for sample selection, I find that, in general, the level of intellectual property protection and a country's technological capital stock are positively related to research and development ...
2007| Andréanne Léger
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DIW Discussion Papers 695 / 2007
Labor force participation rates of mothers in Austria and Germany are similar, however full-time employment rates are much higher among Austrian mothers. In order to find out to what extent these differences can be attributed to differences in the tax transfersystem, we perform a comparative micro simulation exercise. After estimating structural labor supply models of both countries, we interchange ...
2007| Helene Dearing, Helmut Hofer, Christine Lietz, Rudolf Winter-Ebmer, Katharina Wrohlich
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DIW Discussion Papers 694 / 2007
This paper discusses how household panel surveys can be informative about the intergenerational transmission of poverty. We consider issues both of data and of the statistical methods that may be applied to those data. Although the data focus is on panel surveys from developed countries, we also briefly consider data availability in developing countries. We set out a list of survey data requirements ...
2007| Stephen P. Jenkins, Thomas Siedler
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DIW Discussion Papers 693 / 2007
This paper reviews research about the intergenerational transmission of poverty in industrialized countries. In order to make our survey manageable, we restrict attention to studies that consider the relationship between parental poverty (or 'income') during childhood and later-life outcomes; we do not explicitly consider the impact of other family background variables such as parental education. The ...
2007| Stephen P. Jenkins, Thomas Siedler
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DIW Discussion Papers 692 / 2007
In economic models of energy and climate policy, endogenous technological change is generally introduced as the result of either investment in research-and-development or of learning-by-doing. In this paper, we analyze alternative ways of modeling learning-by-doing in the renewable energy sector in a top-down CGE model. Conventionally, learning-by-doing effects in the renewable energy sector are allocated ...
2007| Katja Schumacher, Michael Kohlhaas
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DIW Discussion Papers 691 / 2007
In this study we analyse the impact of workers' remittances on the decision to migrate by means of cointegration analysis. In traditional migration theories, especially in human capital models, the decision to migrate is based upon comparison of expected future incomes in the sending and the receiving countries adjusted for the cost of migration. By contrast, the new economics of labour migration suggests ...
2007| Sule Akkoyunlu, Boriss Siliverstovs
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DIW Discussion Papers 690 / 2007
Der Beitrag arbeitet den in verschiedenen wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen kontrovers diskutierten Zielkonflikt zwischen Leistungs- und Bedarfsgerechtigkeit in modernen Wohlfahrtsstaaten heraus. Es wird dabei die Frage beantwortet, inwieweit dieses für die Makroebene der Gesellschaft durchaus bestehende Steuerungsproblem moderner Wohlfahrtsstaaten auch in der individuellen Wahrnehmung Gerechtigkeitsprobleme ...
2007| Stefan Liebig, Jürgen Schupp
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DIW Discussion Papers 689 / 2007
Germany is one of the few OECD countries with a two-tier system of statutory and primary private health insurance. Both types of insurance provide fee-for-service insurance, but chargeable fees for identical services are more than twice as large for privately insured patients than for statutorily insured patients. This price variation creates incentives to induce demand primarily among the privately ...
2007| Hendrik Jürges
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DIW Discussion Papers 688 / 2007
Job insecurity causes far reaching negative outcomes. The fear of job loss damages the health of employees and reduces the productivity of firms. Thus, job insecurity should result in increasing social costs. Analyzing representative data from 17 European countries, this paper investigates self perceived job insecurity. Our multi level analysis reveals significant cross-country differences in individuals' ...
2007| Marcel Erlinghagen
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DIW Discussion Papers 687 / 2007
Dieser Beitrag geht der Frage nach, welche Faktoren damit in Zusammenhang stehen, wie viele Jahre ein Kind vor Schuleintritt eine Betreuungs- und Bildungseinrichtung besucht und ob die Dauer des Besuchs von Kindertageseinrichtungen mit dem späteren Schultyp in Ver-bindung steht. Die empirische Analyse basiert auf einem für Deutschland repräsentativen Paneldatensatz. Das Sozio-oekonomische Panel (SOEP) ...
2007| Charlotte Büchner, C. Katharina Spieß
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DIW Discussion Papers 686 / 2007
This paper analyzes the influence of children's health and mothers' physical and mental well-being on female labor force participation after childbirth in Germany. Our analysis uses data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) study, which enables us to measure chil-dren's health based on the occurrence of severe health problems including mental and physi-cal disabilities, hospitalizations, and ...
2007| Annalena Dunkelberg, C. Katharina Spieß
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DIW Discussion Papers 685 / 2007
Through the Hartz reforms, German active labor market policy was fundamentally restructured and has since been systematically evaluated. This paper reviews the recent evaluation findings and draws some conclusions for the future setup of active labor market policies in Germany. It argues in favor of a reduced range of active labor market policy schemes focusing on programs with proven positive effects ...
2007| Werner Eichhorst, Klaus F. Zimmermann
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DIW Discussion Papers 684 / 2007
This paper empirically analyzes whether the character-based approach, which is based on the personality structure and the human capital of business founders, allows prediction of entrepreneurial success. A unique data set is used consisting of 414 previously unemployed persons whose personal characteristics were screened by different methods, namely a one-day assessment center (AC) and a standardized ...
2007| Marco Caliendo, Alexander S. Kritikos
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DIW Discussion Papers 683 / 2007
We analyze the distribution and concentration of market incomes in Germany in the period 1992 to 2001 on the basis of an integrated data set of individual tax returns and the German Socio-Economic Panel. The unique feature of this integrated data set is that it encompasses the whole spectrum of the population, from the very poor to the very rich. We find a modest increase in overall inequality of market ...
2007| Stefan Bach, Giacomo Corneo, Viktor Steiner
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DIW Discussion Papers 682 / 2007
The employment behavior of mothers is strongly influenced by labor market regulations and certain institutional arrangements, which both vary greatly across European countries. Using the European Community Household Panel (ECHP) 1994-2001 for Denmark, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom, which represent four distinct 'institutional regimes', we estimate the short-run and long-term effects of childbirth ...
2007| Johannes Geyer, Viktor Steiner
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DIW Discussion Papers 681 / 2007
The paper examines the labour quality explanation of the employer size-wage gap: larger firms pay higher wages because they employ more skilled workers. Most previous studies control for unobserved skills of workers using longitudinal data and the fixed effects estimator thus relying on a questionable assumption of time-invariant unobserved individual heterogeneity. This paper releases this assumption ...
2007| Alexander Muravyev
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DIW Discussion Papers 680 / 2007
This paper aims to explain the large premium paid on common (voting) shares relative to preferred (non-voting) shares in the Russian stock market. Empirical analysis focuses on two main explanations relating the premium either to the voting right attached to common shares or to differences in liquidity between the two classes of stock. Two avenues through which the right to vote may give rise to the ...
2007| Alexander Muravyev
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DIW Discussion Papers 679 / 2007
This paper examines the impact of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) on domestic investment by applying co-integration techniques to macroeconomic time series data for the United Sates and Germany. We show that the two countries differ: In the case of the US, OFDI has positive long-run effects on domestic investment while in the case of Germany the reverse effect is reported.
2007| Dierk Herzer, Mechthild Schrooten
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DIW Discussion Papers 678 / 2007
Abstract: We analyse benefit-entitlement effects and the likely impact of the recent reform of the unemployment compensation system on the duration of unemployment in Germany on the basis of a flexible discrete-time hazard rate model estimated on pre-reform data from the German Socioeconomic Panel (SOEP). We find (i) relatively strong benefit-entitlement effects for the unemployed who are eligible ...
2007| Hendrik Schmitz, Viktor Steiner
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DIW Discussion Papers 677 / 2007
This paper examines how politicians influenced social security policy in Germany. Using yearly data from the German Pension Insurance from 1957 to 2005, revenues as well as expenditures are analysed in linear regression models, respectively. In accordance with opportunistic political behaviour, revenues from contributions decreased in pre-election years. Most important, pension expenditures increased ...
2007| Niklas Potrafke