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DIW Discussion Papers 1479 / 2015
The paper analyzes the integration of euro area sovereign bond markets during the European sovereign debt crisis. It tests for contagion (i.e., an intensification in the transmission of shocks across countries), fragmentation (a reduction in spillovers) and flight-to-quality patterns, exploiting the heteroskedasticity of intraday changes in bond yields for identification. The paper finds that euro ...
2015| Michael Ehrmann, Marcel Fratzscher
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DIW Discussion Papers 1478 / 2015
Die internationale Verflechtung der Finanzmärkte führt dazu, dass der Ausfall von Krediten in einem Land auch von Geldgebern in anderen Ländern getragen werden muss. Bei einer konsequenten Anwendung des Prinzips der Gläubigerhaftung würde der Vermögensverlust von dem unmittelbar betroffenen Kreditinstitut über dessen in- und ausländische Anteilseigner und Kreditgeber sowie deren Gläubiger bis zu den ...
2015| Dieter Schumacher
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DIW Discussion Papers 1477 / 2015
Before the World War I, the urban rental housing market in Germany could be described as a free and competitive market. The government hardly interfered in the relationships between the landlords and ten- ants. The rents were set freely. During the World War I, the market was hit by several violent shocks. The outbreak of the war led initially to a huge outflow of men from cities to the fronts. Towards ...
2015| Konstantin A. Kholodilin
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DIW Discussion Papers 1476 / 2015
Biochar is a carbon-rich solid obtained from the heating of biomass in the (near) absence of oxygen in a process called pyrolysis. Its soil incorporation is increasingly discussed as a means to sequester carbon in soils and, thus, to help mitigate climate change. When deployed in agricultural soils in Germany, it has been found by Teichmann (2014a, b) that slowpyrolysis biochar from a wide variety ...
2015| Isabel Teichmann
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DIW Discussion Papers 1475 / 2015
We propose a novel method to find Nash equilibria in games with binary decision variables by including compensation payments and incentive-compatibility constraints from non-cooperative game theory directly into an optimization framework in lieu of using first order conditions of a linearization, or relaxation of integrality conditions. The reformulation offers a new approach to obtain and interpret ...
2015| Daniel Huppmann, Sauleh Siddiqui
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DIW Discussion Papers 1474 / 2015
We provide an in-depth theoretical discussion about the differences between attitudes and perceptions, as well as an empirical exercise to analyze its effects. This discussion is of importance, as the large majority of papers considering attitudinal latent variables, just consider those as attributes affecting directly the utility of a certain alternative while systematic taste variations are rarely ...
2015| Francisco J. Bahamonde-Birke, Uwe Kunert, Heike Link, Juan de Dios Ortúzar
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DIW Discussion Papers 1473 / 2015
We try to measure the impact work creation programs and rearmament had on employment and production of the German economy before World War II. Theoretically based on an extended version of the conventional input-output analysis, our model or analytical framework integrates the Keynesian multiplier into Leontief´s traditional model. Empirically, we apply our recently presented input-output table of ...
2015| Rainer Fremdling, Reiner Stäglin
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DIW Discussion Papers 1472 / 2015
This paper analyses the impact of the introduction of electromobility in Austria, focusing specifically on the potential demand for electric vehicles in the automotive market. We estimate discrete choice behavioral mixture models considering latent variables; these allows us to deal with this potential demand as well as to analyze the effect of different attributes of the alternatives over the potential ...
2015| Francisco J. Bahamonde-Birke, Tibor Hanappi
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DIW Discussion Papers 1471 / 2015
In this paper we investigate the introduction of an export tax on steam coal levied by an individual country (Australia), or a group of major exporting countries. The policy motivation would be twofold: generating tax revenues against the background of improved terms-of-trade, while CO2 emissions are reduced. We construct and numerically apply a two-level game consisting of an optimal policy problem ...
2015| Philipp M. Richter, Roman Mendelevitch, Frank Jotzo
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DIW Discussion Papers 1470 / 2015
This paper proposes an incentive mechanism for transmission expansion planning. The mechanism is a bilevel program. The upper level is a profit-maximizing transmission company (Transco) which expands its transmission system while endogenously predicts and influences the generation investment. The lower level is the optimal generation dispatch and investment. The Transco funds its transmission investment ...
2015| Mohammad Reza Hesamzadeh, Juan Rosellón, Steven A. Gabriel
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DIW Discussion Papers 1469 / 2015
The gender wage gap is a persistent labor market phenomenon. Most research focuses on the determinants of these wage differences. We contribute to this literature by exploring a different research question: if wages of women are systematically lower than male wages, what are the distributional consequences (disposable income) and what are the labor market effects (labor supply) of the wage gap? We ...
2015| Patricia Gallego-Granados, Johannes Geyer
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DIW Discussion Papers 1468 / 2015
We analyze empirically the optimal design of social insurance and assistance programs when families obtain insurance by making labor supply choices for both spouses. For this purpose, we specify a structural life-cycle model of the labor supply and savings decisions of singles and married couples. Partial insurance against wage and employment shocks is provided by social programs, savings and the labor ...
2015| Peter Haan, Victoria Prowse
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DIW Discussion Papers 1467 / 2015
We study political determinants of municipality amalgamations during a boundary reform in the German state of Brandenburg, which reduced the number of municipalities from 1,489 to 421. The analysis is conducted using data on the political decision makers as well as fiscal and socio-economic variables for the municipalities. We ask whether party representation in the town council influences the merger ...
2015| Benjamin Bruns, Ronny Freier, Abel Schumann
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DIW Discussion Papers 1466 / 2015
This paper estimates a bivariate VAR-GARCH(1,1) model to examine linkages between food and energy prices. The adopted framework is suitable to analyse both mean and volatility spillovers, and also allows for possible parameter shifts resulting from four recent events, namely: 1) the 2006 food crisis, 2) the Brent oil bubble, 3) the introduction of the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) policy, and 4) the ...
2015| Alanoud Al-Maadid, Guglielmo Maria Caporale, Fabio Spagnolo, Nicola Spagnolo
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DIW Discussion Papers 1465 / 2015
Foundational to the discipline of management is the idea that organizational decisions are a function of expected outcomes; hence, the customary empirical approach to employ multivariate techniques that regress performance outcome variables on discrete measures of organizational choices (e.g., investments, trainings, strategies and other managerial decision variables) potentially suffer from self-selection ...
2015| Joseph Clougherty, Tomaso Duso
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DIW Discussion Papers 1464 / 2015
A growing literature uses changes in residual volatility for identifying structural shocks in vector autoregressive (VAR) analysis. A number of different models for heteroskedasticity or conditional heteroskedasticity are proposed and used in applications in this context. This study reviews the different volatility models and points out their advantages and drawbacks. It thereby enables researchers ...
2015| Helmut Lütkepohl, Aleksei Netsunajev
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DIW Discussion Papers 1463 / 2015
In this short note, we use data from different elections in the German state of North-Rhine Westphalia between 1975 and 2010 to show that the social democrats generally profit from higher voter turnout at the expense of the conservatives. We deal with the endogeneity of voter turnout by using election day rain as an instrumental variable. Our particular contribution is the comparison of municipal and ...
2015| Felix Arnold, Ronny Freier
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DIW Discussion Papers 1462 / 2015
One prediction of the calculus of voting is that electoral closeness positively affects turnout via a higher probability of one vote being decisive. I test this theory with data on all mayoral elections in the German state of Bavaria between 1946 and 2009. Importantly, I use constitutionally prescribed two-round elections to measure electoral closeness and thereby improve on existing work that mostly ...
2015| Felix Arnold
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DIW Discussion Papers 1461 / 2015
The integration of emerging markets into the global economy is heavily promoted by foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows. Within the factors driving the location of FDI, regional trade agreements (RTAs) become increasingly relevant for emerging markets. We explore the impact of South-South trade agreements on FDI by dynamic panel models. The MENA countries are compared to the better performing regions ...
2015| Mondher Cherif, Christian Dreger
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DIW Discussion Papers 1460 / 2015
We analyze a client's choice of contract in auctions where Dutch law firms compete for cases. The distinguishing feature is that lawyers may submit bids with any fee arrangement they prefer: an hourly rate, a fixed fee or a \mixed fee," which is a time-capped fixed fee plus an hourly rate for any additional hours should the case take longer than expected. This format of selling legal services is unusual ...
2015| Flóra Felsö, Sander Onderstal, Jo Seldeslachts