Die Lohnungleichheit steigt in Deutschland seit den 80er-Jahren. Die Gründe hierfür sind unterschiedlich: Die abnehmende Bedeutung der Gewerkschaften, der technologische Fortschritt, der Anstieg sogenannter „atypischer“ Beschäftigungsverhältnisse. All das ging zu Lasten von Menschen mit niedrigen Löhnen, deren Reallöhne am stärksten zurückgingen. ...
We test the predictions of the Roy-Model about the self-selection of immigrants using an administrative dataset including about 90 % of Italians living abroad. The data comprises 13 countries with substantial differences in inequality and levels of redistribution: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, France, Great-Britain, Germany, The Netherlands, New-Zealand, Switzerland, the US, and...
This paper uses information on the legal status upon arrival to study long-term labor market effects, whereas selection and potential outmigration are taken into account by a large set of methods. I find that immigrants arrived with a job commitment in Germany achieve a longterm income advantage of 18.6% relative to other migrant groups, while language skills and ethnic networks can be excluded as ...
A common assumption in the optimal taxation literature is that the social planner maximizes a welfarist social welfare function with weights decreasing with income. However, high transfer withdrawal rates in many countries imply very low weights for the working poor in practice. We reconcile this puzzle by generalizing the optimal taxation framework by Saez (2002) to allow for alternatives to welfarism. ...
The ECB announced in October 2018 that it would begin to cut back the amount of monthly asset purchases starting January 2018 while extending the duration of the purchases until at least September 2018. At it latest Governor’s Council meeting in January 2019 it decided to remain on this track despite a sharp appreciation of the euro in the meanwhile. These steps were just two on a longer and potentially ...
Revenue cap regulation is often combined with systematic benchmarking to reveal the managerial inefficiencies when regulating natural monopolies. One example is the European energy sector, where benchmarking is based on actual cost data, which are influenced by managerial inefficiency as well as operational heterogeneity. This paper demonstrates how a conditional nonparametric method, which allows ...
This paper experimentally investigates how concerns for social approval relate to intrinsic motivations to purchase ethically. Participants state their willingness-to-pay for both a fair trade and a conventional chocolate bar in private or publicly. A standard model of social image predicts that all participants increase their fair trade premium when facing an audience. We find that the premium is ...
Whether pro-social preferences identified in economic laboratories survive in natural market contexts is an important and contested issue. We investigate how fairness in a laboratory experiment framed explicitly as a market exchange relates to preferences for fair trade products before and after the market experiment. We find that the willingness to buy at a higher price when higher wages are paid ...
