1. Der Kreis der Profiteur*innen wäre aufgrund der zur Verfügung gestellten Strommengen begrenzt. Das führt zur Diskriminierung derer, die nicht davon profitieren. 2. Verbraucher*innen außerhalb des EE-Pools müssen mit höheren Preisen rechnen, wenn ein Teil des Stromangebots für den EE-Pool aus dem Markt genommen wird. 3. Wenn der Staat gleichzeitig als einziger Käufer und Verkäufer von langfristigen ...
1. The number of beneficiaries would be small due to the initially limited sacle of RE pool, this could discriminating against others. 2. Consumers outside the RE pool must expect higher prices if electricity supply to RE pool is removed from the market. 3. If the state simultaneously acts as the sole buyer and seller of long-term contracts for new wind and solar energy, liquidity could be drained ...
This paper provides a comprehensive evaluation of the world’s largest environmental tax reform. We compare carbon and air pollutant emissions of the German transport sector and synthetic counterfactuals following the 1999 eco-tax reform, and find average re- ductions in external damages of around 80 billion Euros. We further show that the eco-tax induced low-carbon innovation and document much stronger ...
Tax progressivity is central in public and political debates when questions of vertical equity are raised. Applied, structural research demands a simple way to capture it. A power function approximation delivers one parameter that captures the residual income elasticity - a summary measure of progressivity. This approximation is accurate, tractable, and interpretable, and hence immensely popular. The ...
We examine how competition affects VAT pass-through in isolated oligopolistic markets as defined by the Greek islands. Using daily gasoline prices and a difference-in-differences methodology, we investigate how changes in VAT rates are passed through to consumers in islands with different market structure. We show that pass-through increases with competition, going from 50% in monopoly to around 80% ...
Am 1. Januar 2007 wurde in Deutschland das Elterngeld eingeführt. Zahlreiche empirische Studien haben gezeigt, dass dessen Ziele insofern erreicht wurden, als sich die Erwerbsbeteiligung von Müttern ab dem zweiten Lebensjahr des Kindes erhöht hat. Wir zeigen zudem, dass das Elterngeld den Verdienst von Müttern positiv beeinflusst hat. Das Elterngeld beinhaltet also das Potenzial, Geschlechterungleichheiten ...
The German Socio-Economic Panel Study is a representative panel study for the German population, collecting data on a broad variety of topics of everyday life, including general wellbeing, household composition, educational aspirations and educational status, income and occupational biographies, leisure time activities, housing, health, political orientation and more. With its long running panel...
