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Analysing the Dynamics of Social Change in Europe

Labour Market Attachment of People outside the Labour Force: An Explorative Analysis of the Hidden Labour Force in Europe

In addition to employed and unemployed persons, individuals outside the labour force also often enter gainful employment. Generally they are not taken into account in the determinations of a country's labour supply. This is mainly due to the difficulty of identifying this "hidden labour force". Based on the European Community Household Panel (ECHP) in the years 1994, 1995 and 1996, this study takes ...

Occupational Mobility after Apprenticeship - How Effective is the German Apprenticeship System?

In this paper we provide evidence on the effectiveness of the German apprenticeship system in enhancing workers' productivity. More specifically, we estimate earnings differentials between those who subsequently leave the occupation they were apprenticed in and those who remain in their training occupation. Some authors have beenconcerned with the potential productivity- and earnings-decreasing effects ...

The Contribution of Local Public Infrastructure to Private Productivity and Its Political Economy: Evidence from a Panel of Large German Cities

This paper proposes a simultaneous-equation approach to theestimation of the contribution of infrastructure accumulationto private production. A political economy model for theallocation of public infrastructure investment grants isformulated. Our empirical findings, using a panel of largeGerman cities for the years 1980,1986, and 1988, suggest thatcities ruled by a council sharing the State (`Bundesland')government's ...

Jurisdiction Size, Political Participation, and the Allocation of Resources

This paper analyzes the effect of population size on politicalparticipation and allocative efficiency. Increasing populationis generally found to reduce political participation. However,since participation is not evenly spread throughout thepopulation, this will have consequences for allocation.Namely, we argue that increasing population size shifts powerto the rich. We discuss the consequences for ...

Immigrants, Natives and Social Assistance: Comparable Take-Up under Comparable Circumstances

Are immigrants on welfare because they are more likely to be eligible or because they are more likely to claim benefits for which they are eligible? The answer is politically important, but because most current research on immigration and welfare is based on data from the United States, the answer is difficult due to the complexities of the transfer system which make eligibility determinations difficult. ...

Policy Reforms and Productivity Growth in India's Energy Intensive Industries

India had a highly restrictive industrial and trade policy regime until the end of the1960s. This regime while succeeding to some extent in creating a diversified industrial base introduced gross inefficiencies in many sectors of the economy. Beginning in the early 1970s, Indian economic policies have been marked by deregulation, decontrol and progressive liberalization. In this paper, we assess the ...

Pflegebedürftige Personen im Haushalt und das Erwerbsverhalten verheirateter Frauen

Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Auswirkungen von pflegebedürftigen Personen im Haushalt auf das Erwerbsverhalten verheirateter Frauen im Alter von 40 bis 65 Jahren untersucht. Als Datengrundlage dient das Sozio- oekonomische Panel. Die empirischen Ergebnisse der Längsschnittanalyse unterstützen die These, dass verheiratete Frauen bei Anwesenheit eines Pflegefalls im Haushalt eine erhöhte Neigung ...

Die Dauer von Arbeitslosigkeit in Deutschland und Großbritannien: ein internationaler Vergleich (1990-1995)

Ecological Dumping under Monopolistic Competition

The competitive choice of emission taxes by two governments is analysed in a model of monopolostic competition with capital mobility where pollution externalities are regional. Assuming that governments have no other policy instrument apart from emission taxes at their disposal, I show that governments choose inefficiently low (high) taxes if the importance of emissions in production is small (large) ...