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DIW Discussion Papers 1653 / 2017
We present quasi-experimental evidence on the employment effects of an unprecedented large increase in the early retirement age (ERA). Raising the ERA has the potential to extend contribution periods and to reduce the number of pension beneficiaries at the same time, if employment exits are successfully delayed. However, workers may not be able to work longer or may choose other social support programs ...
2017| Johannes Geyer, Clara Welteke
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DIW Discussion Papers 1652 / 2017
Labor supply in the market for low-paid jobs in Germany is strongly influenced by tax exemptions - even for individuals to whom these exemptions do not apply. We present compelling evidence that an individual's choice set depends on other workers' preferences because firms cater their job offers to aggregate preferences in the market. We estimate an equilibrium job search model which rationalizes the ...
2017| Luke Haywood, Michael Neumann
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DIW Discussion Papers 1639 / 2017
In aging societies, information on how to reform pension systems is essential to policy makers. This study scrutinizes effects of early retirement disincentives on retirement behavior, individual welfare, pensions and public budget. We employ administrative pension data and a detailed model of the German tax and social security system to estimate a structural dynamic retirement model. We find that ...
2017| Timm Bönke, Daniel Kemptner, Holger Lüthen
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DIW Discussion Papers 1628 / 2016
We analyze the implication of time-inconsistent preferences in educational decision making and corresponding policies using a structural dynamic choice model. Based on a novel identification approach, we exploit variation in average years invested in degree attainment through various educational reforms to identify the discount factor of hyperbolic time preferences. We make two important research contributions. ...
2016| Daniel Kemptner, Songül Tolan
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DIW Discussion Papers 1627 / 2016
This paper provides evidence over a long time period on the question of who bears the burden of social security contributions (SSC) in Germany. Following Alvaredo et al. (2016) we exploit kinks in the budget set generated by a drop in the marginal SSC rate at earnings caps. Based on cross-sectional earnings distributions the framework does not rely on policy reforms. Applying the approach to administrative ...
2016| Kai-Uwe Müller, Michael Neumann
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DIW Discussion Papers 1619 / 2016
Wenn hohe Vermögen stärker besteuert werden sollen, spricht vieles für eine effektivere Erbschaftsteuer. Dazu sollten die weitgehenden Steuerbefreiungen für Unternehmensübertragungen und weitere Steuervergünstigungen beseitigt werden. Dadurch ließe sich auch bei moderaten Steuersätzen für Unternehmensübertragungen das Steueraufkommen längerfristig mehr als verdoppeln. Ferner könnten die Vermögensteuer ...
2016| Stefan Bach
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DIW Discussion Papers 1617 / 2016
In this paper we exploit a cohort-specific pension reform to estimate the causal labour market effects of changes in the financial incentives to retire. In particular, we analyze the effects of the introduction of cohort-specific deductions for early retirement on female retirement, employment and unemployment. For the empirical analysis we use high-quality administrative data from the German pension ...
2016| Barbara Engels, Johannes Geyer, Peter Haan
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DIW Discussion Papers 1603 / 2016
Since the millennium, the labor market participation of women and mothers is increasing across European countries. Several work/care policy measures underlie this evolution. At the same time, the labor market behavior of men and fathers, as well as their involvement in care work, is relatively unchanging, meaning that employed mothers are facing an increased burden with respect to gainful employment ...
2016| Kai-Uwe Müller, Michael Neumann, Katharina Wrohlich
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DIW Discussion Papers 1600 / 2016
This paper analyzes to what extent parental leave decisions of mothers with young children depend on the decisions made by their coworkers. The identification of peer effects, which are defined as indirect effects of the behavior of a social reference group on individual outcomes, bears various challenges due to correlated characteristics within social groups and endogenous group membership. We overcome ...
2016| Clara Welteke, Katharina Wrohlich
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DIW Discussion Papers 1595 / 2016
Initiiert von einer lebhaften öffentlichen und wissenschaftlichen Debatte um die Eignung des Bruttoinlandsprodukts als Indikator für materiellen Wohlstand sind zahlreiche alternative Maße zur Wohlstands- und Wohlfahrtsmessung entwickelt worden. Fällt dabei die Wahl auf einen Indikatorensatz, ist die Bestimmung der optimalen Anzahl der Indikatoren eine zentrale Herausforderung. Je mehr Indikatoren ausgewählt ...
2016| Beate Jochimsen, Christian Raffer