In 2016, a fixed gender quota will come into force in Germany, affecting the supervisory boards of listed companies that also have employee representation (full codetermination).1 By as early as September 30, 2015, however, all companies will be obliged to set a self-imposed target quota – even companies that meet just one of these criteria; i.e., either listed or subject to codetermination. A variety ...
This paper examines to what extent marital sorting affects cross-sectional earnings inequality in Germany over the past three decades, while explicitly taking into account labor supply choices. Using rich micro data, the observed distribution of couples' earnings is compared to a counterfactual of randomly matched spouses. Hypothetical earnings are predicted based on a structural model of household ...
This paper investigates the relationships between single mothers’ demographic and socio-economic circumstances and differences in their labour market attachment in Great Britain and West Germany. Employment of single mothers is a key issue in current policy debates in both countries, as well as in welfare state research. The heterogeneity of the group of women who experience single motherhood poses ...
Modernization processes are said to have caused major changes in individual social mobility outcomes. Whether the predictions of the logic of industrialism thesis hold for the careers of women is unclear however. This study provides the first systematic account of how regional modernization processes during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries influenced the careers of the female working population. ...
Einer der Gründe, weshalb Frauen meist geringere Rentenansprüche haben als Männer, sind familienbedingte Auszeiten vom Beruf. Um dies abzumildern, rechnet die Gesetzliche Rentenversicherung Kindererziehungszeiten an, während derer Frauen Rentenanwartschaften erwerben, obwohl sie nicht in die Rentenversicherung einzahlen. Dies soll den Müttern eine weitgehend eigenständige Alterssicherung garantieren. ...
Einkommenseinbußen von Müttern nach der Geburt eines Kindes im Vergleich zu kinderlosen Frauen hängen vor allem vom Zeitpunkt der Rückkehr in die Erwerbsarbeit ab: Mütter, die ihre Erwerbsarbeit höchstens für die Dauer der gesetzlich vorgesehenen Elternzeit unterbrechen, haben in der Folgezeit nur schwache und kurzzeitige Verdienstnachteile. Hingegen gehen Erwerbsunterbrechungen über die reguläre Freistellungsphase ...
This paper aims to verify results of the innovative study on gender identity for the USA by Bertrand et al. (2015) for Germany. They found that women who would earn more than their husbands distort their labor market outcome in order not to violate traditional gender identity norms. Using data from the German Socio-economic Panel Study (SOEP) we also find that the distribution of the share of income ...
