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Open Access, Innovation, and Research Infrastructure

In this article we argue that the current endeavors to achieve open access in scientific literature require a discussion about innovation in scholarly publishing and research infrastructure. Drawing on path dependence theory and addressing different open access (OA) models and recent political endeavors, we argue that academia is once again running the risk of outsourcing the organization of its c ...

Genome-Wide Analysis Identifies 12 Loci Influencing Human Reproductive Behavior

The genetic architecture of human reproductive behavior—age at first birth (AFB) and number of children ever born (NEB)—has a strong relationship with fitness, human development, infertility and risk of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, very few genetic loci have been identified, and the underlying mechanisms of AFB and NEB are poorly understood. We report a large genome-wide association study of ...

Vor dem Brexitus: Folgen des britischen EU-Referendums für Ostmitteleuropa

Die britische Regierung will im Jahr 2017 den Austritt aus der EU erklären. Dies wird Folgen für die EU-Staaten Ostmittel- und Südosteuropas haben. Die Abwertung des Pfunds nach dem britischen Referendum hat bereits den Wert der Überweisungen von Arbeitsmigranten verringert. Erheblich wären die Folgen, sollte Großbritannien die Arbeitnehmerfreizügigkeit einschränken. Auch auf den Handel und in geringerem ...

Psychische Gesundheit und Lebensqualität von Zuwanderern und deren Nachkommen im SOEP in den Jahren 1984-2016

Das Sozio-ökonomische Panel hält für die Erforschung der psychischen Gesundheit und Lebensqualität von Zuwanderern ein großes Analysepotenzial bereit. Der Beitrag beleuchtet sowohl die Güte der Stichprobenziehung, die Zusammensetzung und den Umfang von Personen mit Migrationshintergrund in dieser Datengrundlage, als auch die für das Thema psychische Gesundheit und Lebensqualität zur Verfügung stehenden ...

Wie wird der Migrationsstatus in wissenschaftlichen Befragungen erhoben?

In Einwanderungsgesellschaften wie der Deutschlands ist die Erhebung migrationsbezogener Merkmale in wissenschaftlichen Befragungen sowie der offiziellen Statistik relevant, u. a. um Ungleichheiten und Integrationsverläufe sichtbar zu machen. Wie wird der Migrationsstatus bzw. der Migrationshintergrund aktuell in wissenschaftlichen Erhebungen erfragt?

Dubious versus Trustworthy Faces: What Difference Does It Make for Tax Compliance?

We find experimental evidence that the decision problem of tax compliance changes if subjects’ declarations are not randomly assessed, but is based on their appearance as captured by pictures of their faces, even if the aggregate audit probability does not change. Some subjects may fear that their picture looks rather dubious, whereas others may believe that their picture looks more trustworthy than ...

Career Prospects and Effort Incentives: Evidence from Professional Soccer

it is difficult to test the prediction that future career prospects create implicit effort incentives because researchers cannot randomly “assign” career prospects to economic agents. To overcome this challenge, we use data from professional soccer, where employees of the same club face different external career opportunities depending on their nationality. We test whether the career prospect of being ...

Short- and Long-Term Participation Tax Rates and Their Impact on Labor Supply

Generous income support programs as provided by European welfare states have often been blamed to hamper employment. This paper investigates the importance of incentives inherent in the tax-benefit system for the individual decision to take up work. Using German microdata over the period 1993–2010, we find that recent reforms in Germany increased work incentives at the extensive margin measured by ...

The Link between R&D, Innovation and Productivity: Are Micro Firms Different?

Genetic Variants Associated with Subjective Well-Being, Depressive Symptoms, and Neuroticism Identified through Genome-Wide Analyses

Very few genetic variants have been associated with depression and neuroticism, likely because of limitations on sample size in previous studies. Subjective well-being, a phenotype that is genetically correlated with both of these traits, has not yet been studied with genome-wide data. We conducted genome-wide association studies of three phenotypes: subjective well-being (n = 298,420), depressive ...