Beschäftigungsstruktur und Arbeitskräftepolitik in der DDR

Abstract

The first section contains an inventory of the development of population and employment in the German Democratic Republic since 1960. This include an examination of: (1) the age structure of the population, (2) manpower and its utilization, (3) a sectoral and regional distribution of labor force, (4) the occupational qualification of the population, (5) the employment of foreigners. A look at the development of the population and manpower through the year 1990 concludes the section. The second section deals with the problems of manpower application. Discussed are: (1) manpower shortages in the various sectors, (2) the regional imbalance in the utilization of labor capacity, (3) shortages and surpluses of labor resulting from faulty timing, saisonal factors and others, (4) problems in the application of qualified labor concerning to quality standards. The causes of these shortcomings are also discussed. The last section is devoted to manpower policy, the emphasis of which lies on the rational application of the available labor force, but which also aims at an enlargement of same. For the enactment of their policies, economic leaders will make use of a mixed system of direct (administrative) and indirect (control of awareness) means. This includes measures designed to: (1) increase labor input (with the accent on employment of women), (2) improve manpower application (better utilization of working time, better work organization, increased investment aimed at rationalization), (3) control manpower (redistribution of manpower, control of occupational selection, pay differentials). The role which manpower policy will play in the future economic development of the G. D. R. is discussed in conclusion.