Publikationssuche

Nonparametric Regression with Selectively Missing Covariates

We consider the problem of regression with selectively observed covariates in a nonparametric framework. Our approach relies on instrumental variables that explain variation in the latent covariates but have no direct effect on selection. The regression function of interest is shown to be a weighted version of observed conditional expectation where the weighting function is a fraction of selection ...

Testing Identification via Heteroskedasticity in Structural Vector Autoregressive Models

Tests for identification through heteroskedasticity in structural vector autoregressive analysis are developed for models with two volatility states where the time point of volatility change is known. The tests are Wald-type tests for which only the unrestricted model, including the covariance matrices of the two volatility states, has to be estimated. The residuals of the model are assumed to be from ...

Distributional Impacts of Carbon Pricing: A Meta-Analysis

Understanding the distributional impacts of market-based climate policies is crucial to design economically efficient climate change mitigation policies that are socially acceptable and avoid adverse impacts on the poor. Empirical studies that examine the distributional impacts of carbon pricing and fossil fuel subsidy reforms in different countries arrive at ambiguous results. To systematically determine ...

Destination-Language Acquisition of Recently Arrived Immigrants: Do Refugees Differ from Other Immigrants?

Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Muster des Spracherwerbs von Neuzuwanderern beschrieben, welche in jüngerer Zeit nach Deutschland gekommen sind. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf dem Vergleich syrischer Geflüchteter mit Migranten aus Italien, Polen und der Türkei, die als Arbeitsmigranten, im Zuge der Familienzusammenführung oder für Bildungszwecke eingewandert sind. Die theoretischen Überlegungen beruhen auf ...

The Education of Recently Arrived Refugees in Germany: Conditions, Processes, and Outcomes

Around the world, the number of refugees is at a record high. Although most forciblydisplaced persons seek refuge within their home country or in a neighboringstate (UNHCR, 2020), a large number of refugees have reached Europe in recentyears, and many of them have settled in Germany (Eurostat, 2020).1As many refugees were children and adolescents when they arrived in Germany(Bundesamt für Migration ...

Prejudice in Disguise: Which Features Determine the Subtlety of Ethnically Prejudicial Statements?

In current immigration debates ethnic prejudice is often expressed in a subtle manner, which conceals its xenophobic content. However, previous research has only insufficiently examined the specific features that make certain ethnically prejudicial statements subtler, i.e., less readily identifiable as xenophobic, than others. The current study employs an experimental factorial survey design and assesses ...

The Role of Socioeconomic, Cultural, and Structural Factors in Daycare Attendance among Refugee Children

Bisherige Studien haben gezeigt, dass ethnische Bildungsungleichheiten bereits vor der Einschulung entstehen. Es wurde gezeigt, dass insbesondere für Lernende mit Migrationshintergrund eine frühe Bildungsbeteiligung einen positiven Einfluss auf die späteren Bildungsergebnisse hat, wobei der Erwerb der Sprache des Aufnahmelandes einer der Hauptmechanismen für diesen Effekt ist. Mit der Zuwanderung von ...

Inspections and Compliance: Enforcement of the Minimum-Wage Law

This paper is the first to empirically study the relationship between spatial distributions oflabor market inspections and noncompliance with Germany’s minimum-wage law. Combiningnovel administrative data with large-scale longitudinal survey data, we documentthat the inspection probability is higher in regions with higher noncompliance. This impliesrisk-based allocation of the inspection efforts and, ...

Leisure Activities as a Driver of Personality Development? A Random-Intercept Cross-lagged Panel Model across 13 Years in Adulthood

Repeated experiences and activities drive personality development. Leisure activities are among the daily routines that may elicit personality change. Yet despite the important role they play in daily life, little is known about their prospective effects on personality traits and vice versa. The objective of this study was to examine the extent to which within-person changes in leisure activities lead ...

A Tale of Two Countries: The Long Shadow of the Crisis on Income and Wealth in Germany and Italy