In Germany, overtime work is a well-established instrument for varying working hours of employees and is of great importance for establishments as a measure of internal flexibility. However, not all employees are affected to the same degree by a variation of the work effort through overtime work. Besides socio-demographic factors, workplace-specific factors that provide information about the position ...
This paper investigates the relationships between single mothers’ demographic and socio-economic circumstances and differences in their labour market attachment in Great Britain and West Germany. Employment of single mothers is a key issue in current policy debates in both countries, as well as in welfare state research. The heterogeneity of the group of women who experience single motherhood poses ...
In den meisten europäischen Ländern ist seit längerem ein erheblicher Rückgang der Industriebeschäftigung vor allem zugunsten wissensintensiver Dienstleistungen zu beobachten. Diese Entwicklung entspricht den theoretischen Erwartungen, dass Spezialisierungsmuster zunehmend funktional und weniger sektoral orientiert sind. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird anhand einer Shift-Share-Analyse auf Basis der EU-Arbeitskräfteerhebung ...
This paper theoretically and empirically examines the impact of self-managed working time (SMWT) on employee effort. As a means of increased worker autonomy, SMWT can theoretically increase effort via intrinsic motivation and reciprocal behaviour, but can lead to a decrease of effort due to a loss of control. Based on German individual-level panel data, we find that SMWT employees exert higher effort ...
We investigate whether people are more willing to become self-employed during boom periods or during recessions and to what extent business cycles and unemployment levels influence entries into entrepreneurship. Our analysis for Germany reveals that there is a positive relationship between unemployment rates and start-up activities. Moreover, new business formation is higher during recessions than ...
The career concerns literature predicts that incentives for effort decline as beliefs about ability become more precise (Holmström, 1982, 1999). In contrast, we show that effort can increase with belief precision when agents compete for promotions to better paid jobs that are assigned on the basis of perceived abilities. In this case, an intermediate level of precision provides the strongest incentive ...
Die historische Entscheidung für Griechenlands Verbleib in der Eurozone und der Europäischen Union auf dem Eurogipfel am 12. Juli 2015 hat Griechenland die Chance eröffnet, wieder zu Wachstum und Nachhaltigkeit zurückzukehren. Dies setzt allerdings voraus, dass es die notwendigen Schritte unternimmt, um die Reformen fortzusetzen. Die griechische Regierung und ihre Partner (Europäische Kommission, Europäische ...
