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What is the “Right” Geographic Market Definition?

This paper examines the “right” geographic definition of relevant markets by analysing how excise tax pass-through varies with local competition in the retail gasoline market of Athens, Greece. Using a natural experiment from three unanticipated and exogenous fuel tax hikes in 2010 and detailed station-level price data, we show that average pass-through is almost complete and invariant to the...

On the road to net zero: Enhancing transition risk assessment with bank transition plans?

Bank transition plans (TPs) are becoming vital tools for assessing financial institutions' climate resilience and readiness for a sustainable economy. The EU’s 2024 Capital Requirements Directive 6 mandates that banks develop TPs for prudential oversight, with supervisors required to evaluate them. In response, the European Banking Authority (EBA) has issued guidelines to support banks in...

The Effects of Trade on CO2 Firm-Level Emission Intensity: Evidence from German Microdata

This paper examines how firms' CO2 emission intensity (CEI) responds to trade shocks. Changes in market conditions, such as trade shocks, are believed to drive specialization toward core products, foster innovation, improve productivity, and influence abatement choices. I develop a unified framework that decomposes within-firm changes in CEI into within- and between-product components and...

Sozial-ökologische Transformation - Wie kann das beschlossene Sondervermögen für Infrastruktur gezielt und erfolgsbringend eingesetzt werden?

Das im März 2025 beschlossene Sondervermögen des Bundes in Höhe von 500 Milliarden Euro für Infrastruktur bietet die Gelegenheit, die sozial-ökologische Transformation entscheidend voranzutreiben. Damit es jedoch seine volle Wirkung entfalten kann, müssen die Mittel gezielt eingesetzt werden. Im Rahmen eines Workshops wurden die Chancen durch das Sondervermögen aber auch die Herausforderungen für...

Reform of the CO₂ border adjustment: prospects for climate-neutral and competitive industry

We discuss with experts from academia, politics and industry how the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) for sectors with complex value chains can be further developed or reformed in order to create reliable investment framework for climate-neutral raw material production while effectively limiting carbon leakage risks. In particular, we discussed an EU ETS and CBAM reform for materials...

Determinants and Effectiveness of Green Public Procurement Adoption

Public procurement accounts for a large share of Gross Domestic Product in many countries. Given its impact, governments and other public authorities can leverage their purchasing decisions to pursue welfare goals; among these, environmental protection and climate change mitigation have particular priority. By using procurement practices that account for the environmental quality of bids – so-called ...

Ensuring Low-Emission Electricity Purchasing Requires a Broader Systems Perspective

Introducing electricity purchase conditions in renewable fuel regulations and carbon accounting is a controversial issue in the US and Europe. We argue that their impact must be assessed considering demand flexibility, local grid conditions, and overlapping policy instruments such as emissions trading schemes and renewable portfolio standards. The introduction of more stringent requirements has a significant ...

How Spousal Bereavement Shapes Life Satisfaction: Stability and Change Across Historical Time

Podcast zu 100 Jahren deutsches Steuersystem: „Das sah früher wie Kraut und Rüben aus“

Steuern begleiten uns täglich – ob beim Einkaufen, Arbeiten oder Wohnen. Doch wie hat sich das deutsche Steuersystem in den letzten 100 Jahren verändert? Welche Reformen haben besonders geprägt, und welche Herausforderungen stehen uns noch bevor? Diese Fragen diskutieren wir in der neuesten Folge unseres DIW-Podcasts Wirtschaft bewegt – 100 Jahre DIW Berlin mit Steuerexperte Dr. Stefan Bach . Host ...

100 Jahre Steuersystem: Was sich ändern muss!

100 Jahre Steuersystem – ein Jahrhundert voller Reformen, Kontroversen und ungelöster Fragen. In dieser Folge von „Wirtschaft bewegt – 100 Jahre DIW Berlin“ spricht Steuerexperte Dr. Stefan Bach über die Entwicklung der deutschen Steuerpolitik: von den Erzbergerschen Reformen nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg bis zu den heutigen Herausforderungen. Warum gelten einige Steuern als überholt, bleiben aber...