Extensive evidence suggests that war-related trauma negatively affects health, yet its long-term and transgenerational effects on psychological and physical adjustment remain poorly understood. This study examines whether individuals who experienced greater war exposure in early childhood—specifically variation in bombardment intensity across German municipalities during the Second World War—show lower, ...
Abstract: Electricity markets are increasingly shaped by uncertainty in residual demand due to renewable expansion. This weakens the disciplining role of forward markets and amplifies the potential for market power in spot pricing. Understanding this mechanism is essential for informed market design in the context of growing intermittency and structural transformation of energy systems.
This work presents a multi-stage stochastic optimization model to analyze price dynamics and reliability of supply in a 100% renewable power system. The stochastic framework captures uncertainty arising from the intermittency of weather-dependent renewable energy sources and compares three market design options for a future fully renewable German electricity market: an energy-only market without...
This paper identifies a risk-hedging mechanism we coin the "dirty self-hedge" and analyzes how it affects financing costs of green industrial investments. The dirty self-hedge occurs in basic materials production when exclusively conventional, emission-intensive producers can pass on input price shocks to final product prices. They thus have a natural hedge for their profit margins against input...
Lifelong learning is increasingly recognized as important for individual well-being, but causal evidence on this relationship remains scarce. This paper evaluates the effects of non-formal adult education on life satisfaction by exploiting the substantial expansion of courses at East German Volkshochschulen (VHS) following reunification. Combining individual well-being data from SOEP with administrative ...
Das Deutsche Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW Berlin) richtet gemeinsam mit dem Sachverständigenrat zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung (SVR) als Nationaler Ausschuss für Produktivität und dem Energiewirtschaftlichen Institut an der Universität zu Köln (EWI) den vierten wissenschaftlichen Workshop zum Thema Produktivität aus. Die Veranstaltung, die eine Plattform zur Förderung ...
The German Institute for Economic Research (DIW Berlin) organizes the fourth Scientific Workshop on Productivity jointly with the German Council of Economic Experts (SVR Wirtschaft) in its role as the German National Productivity Board and the Institute of Energy Economics at the University of Cologne (EWI). The event, which will take place on 24 and 25 August 2026 at DIW Berlin, serves as a platform ...
