Thema Gender

School Entry, Afternoon Care, and Mothers’ Labour Supply

The availability of childcare is a crucial factor for mothers’ labour force participation. While most of the literature examines childcare for preschool children, we specifically focus on primary school-aged children, estimating the effect of formal afternoon care on maternal labour supply. To do so, we use a novel matching technique, entropy balancing, and draw on the rich and longitudinal data of ...

Gender Identity and Wives’ Labor Market Outcomes in West and East Germany between 1984 and 2016

We exploit the natural experiment of German reunification in 1990 to investigate if the institutional regimes of the formerly socialist (rather gender-equal) East Germany and the capitalist (rather gender-traditional) West Germany shaped different gender identity prescriptions of family breadwinning. We use data for three periods between 1984 and 2016 from the representative German Socio-Economic Panel ...

Gender Identity and Wives' Labor Market Outcomes in West and East Germany between 1984 and 2016

We exploit the natural experiment of German reunification in 1990 to investigate if the institutional regimes of the formerly socialist (rather gender-equal) East Germany and the capitalist (rather gender-traditional) West Germany shaped different gender identity prescriptions of family breadwinning. We use data for three periods between 1984 and 2016 from the representative German Socio-Economic Panel ...

Erhöhung des Renteneintrittsalters für Frauen: Mehr Beschäftigung, aber höheres sozialpolitisches Risiko

Im Jahr 1999 wurde die sogenannte „Altersrente für Frauen“ für die Jahrgänge ab 1952 abgeschafft. Dadurch erhöhte sich das frühestmögliche Renteneintrittsalter für viele Frauen schlagartig von 60 auf 63 Jahre. In der vorliegenden Studie werden anhand von Daten der deutschen Rentenversicherung und des Mikrozensus die Arbeitsmarkteffekte der Reform untersucht. Die Analysen zeigen im Durchschnitt positive ...

Für erwerbslose Frauen ist die Reform problematisch: Interview

Helping with the Kids? How Family-Friendly Workplaces Affect Parental Well-Being and Behaviour

Despite political efforts, balancing work and family life is still challenging. This paper provides novel evidence on the effect of firm level interventions that seek to reduce the work–life conflict. The focus is on how childcare support affects the well-being, working time, and caring behaviour of mothers with young children. Since the mid-2000s and pushed by public policies, in Germany an increasing ...

The Effect of a Ban on Gender-Based Pricing on Risk Selection in the German Health Insurance Market

Starting from December 2012, insurers in the European Union were prohibited from charging gender-discriminatory prices. We examine the effect of this unisex mandate on risk segmentation in the German health insurance market. While gender used to be a pricing factor in Germany's private health insurance (PHI) sector, it was never used as a pricing factor in the social health insurance (SHI) sector. ...

Increasing Number of Women on Supervisory Boards of Major Companies in Germany: Executive Boards Still Dominated by Men

The gender quota for supervisory boards is continuing to show its impact: the proportion of women on the supervisory boards of the 200 highest-performing companies in Germany increased by over two percentage points to 27 percent the past year. In the 100 largest companies, it increased by over three percentage points to 28 percent. However, there are now indications that the companies are only doing ...

Women on High-Level Boards of Banks and Insurance Companies: Growth Coming to a Standstill on Supervisory Boards

The proportion of women on executive boards of the 100 largest banks stagnated at almost nine percent in 2018. In the 60 largest insurance companies, the proportion increased by a good percentage point to almost ten percent. While growth on executive boards has been weakening in past years, it is now slowing down on supervisory boards in the financial sector as well. In 2018, the proportion of women ...

Frauenanteile in Aufsichtsräten großer Unternehmen in Deutschland auf gutem Weg – Vorstände bleiben Männerdomänen

Die seit 2016 geltende Geschlechterquote für Aufsichtsräte zeigt weiter ihre Wirkung: In den 200 umsatzstärksten Unternehmen in Deutschland ist der Frauenanteil in den Kontrollgremien im vergangenen Jahr um mehr als zwei Prozentpunkte auf knapp 27 Prozent gestiegen, in den 100 größten Unternehmen sogar um mehr als drei Prozentpunkte auf gut 28 Prozent. Es gibt jedoch auch erste Hinweise, dass die Unternehmen ...